as与which引导定语从句的用法辨析
定语从句是高一英语的主要语法项目之一,也是高考英语的常考知识点,尤其是as和which引导的定语从句,更是历年高考试题中的考点和热点。as和which都能引导定语从句,那么它们的共同点和区别是什么呢?
一、as和which都能引导的定语从句
当非限定性定语从句置于句末时,as和which都可用来引导这个定语从句。例如:
Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _______ , of course, made the others unhappy. (NMET2000)
A. who B. which C. this D. what
【简析】答案是B。which引导非限定性定语从句,指代前面主句的内容,定语从句部分意为:这当然使别人不高兴。这里不能换用as作引导词,因为我们不能说“正如使别人不高兴”。
The number of senior high school students is increasing, _______ is mentioned above.
A. that B. it C. such D. as
【简析】答案是D。as引导非限定性定语从句,意思是“正如”。此时也可以换用which引导,但意思有别,意为:这一点上面提到了。
二、只能用which引导的定语从句
1. 在限定性定语从句中。例如:
The project _______ a British businessman has invested in is under construction at present.
A. which B. as C. what D. why
【简析】答案是A。单个词引导限定性定语从句时,一般不用as。当然,本题中的定语从句也可以使用that引导;由于关系词在从句中作宾语,which和that都可以省略。
2. “介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,只能用which。例如:
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.(上海2000高考)
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
【简析】答案是B。此时的which不能用as来代替。另外还应注意:引导定语从句时,which不能单独作定语,此时不管先行词是人还是物,都只能用whose引导,但指物时,可以与of which替换(如本题)。
3. 当后置的非限定性定语从句是否定结构时,只能用which引导。例如:
The result of the experiment was very good, _______ we hadn't expected.(2000京皖春招)
A. when B. that C. which D. what
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