中英文朗读.doc

1H 起重技术
1 h lifting technology
1H 起重机械的使用要求
The use of 1 h hoisting machinery requirements
一、起重机械的分类、适用范围、基本参数
A, classification, scope of application, basic parameters of hoisting machinery
（二）常用起重机的特点及适用范围
(2) the characteristics of the commonly used cranes and scope of application
1．流动式起重机
1. The mobile crane
流动式起重机主要有履带起重机、汽车起重机、轮胎起重机、全地面起重机、随车起重机。
Mobile crane crawler crane, truck crane, tyre crane, crane on the ground, lorry crane.
(1)特点：适用范围广，机动性好，可以方便地转移场地，但对道路、场地要求较高，台班费较高。
Features: (1) the applicable scope is wide, good mobility, can easily transfer site, but the road, the demand is higher, site class expense is higher.
(2)适用范围：适用于单件重量大的大、中型设备、构件的吊装，作业周期短。
(2) the scope of application: suitable for big piece weight lifting of large and medium-sized equipment, components, short operation cycle.
2．塔式起重机
2. The tower crane
(1)特点：吊装速度快，台班费低。但起重量一般不大，并需要安装和拆卸。
Features: (1) hoisting speed, low class expense. General not big, but the weight and the need to install and disassemble.
(2)适用范围：适用于在某一范围内数量多，而每一单件重量较小的设备、构件吊装，作业周期长。
(2) the scope of application: applicable to quantity in a certain scope, and each piece smaller weight lifting equipment, components, operation cycle is long.
3．桅杆起重机
3. The mast crane
(1)特点：属于非标准起重机，其结构简单，起重量大，对场地要求不高，使用成本低，但效率不高。
Features: (1) belong to the non-standard crane, its structure is simple, the weight is big, the space requirement is not high, the cost is low, but the efficiency is not high.
(2)适用范围：主要适用于某些特重、特高和场地受到特殊限制的吊装。
(2) the scope of application: mainly applied to some heavy, high and lifting is limited by the special venues.
（三）起重机选用的基本参数
(3) the basic parameters of the crane is chosen
主要有吊装载荷、额定起重量、最大幅度、最大起升高度等。
Main hoisting load, the rated lifting weight, most significantly, the biggest hoisting height, etc.
1．吊装载荷
1. The lifting load
吊装载荷的组成：被吊物（设备或构件）在吊装状态下的重量和吊、索具重量（流动式起重机一般还应包括吊钩重量和从臂架头部垂下至吊钩的起升钢丝绳重量）。
Hoisting load: suspended objects (equipment or component