定语从句小总结.doc

【观察】
观察下列句子中划线部分的用法，然后加以总结。
1. The thought of going back home was all that kept him happy while he was working abroad.
2. We heard clearly every word that he said.
3. When people talk about Anhui, the first that comes to mind is the Huangshan Mountain.
4. The first thing that should be done is to get the money.
5. This novel is the second best one that I have ever read.
6. This is the very dictionary that I want to find.
7. Alice described in her compositions the people and places that impressed her most.
8. Which is the car that caused the accident?
9. I will take the yellow one, which seems to be the best.
10. The old lady has two daughters, who work in the same hospital.
11. As I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
【总结】
1. 在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，关系词可用which或that，二者常可以互换；但在下列情况中，只能用that，不能用which。
① 当先行词是all, a lot, (a) little, few, much, none, anything, something, everything, nothing等词时或先行词被all, any, no, much, little, few, every等限定词所修饰时。如第1句和第2句。
② 当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。如第3句和第4句。
③ 当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰时。如第5句。
④ 当先行词被the very, the only, the next, the last等所修饰时。如第6句。
⑤ 当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。如第7句。
⑥ 当主句是以which, who开头的特殊疑问句时。如第8句。
2. 限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，而非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充说明作用。非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往用逗号隔开。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。如第9句和第10句。
3. as引导的非限制性定语从句既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于