语言学.ppt

1 1. Why study language? 2. What is Language? 4. the main functions of language Add Your Text in here 5. What is linguistics? 5. What is linguistics? 6. The main branches of linguistics 6. The main branches of linguistics 3. the design features of language Focus ? Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913) ? Edward Sapir (1884-1939) ? Noam Chomsky (1928- ) 2 ? 1. Why should we study language? ? 2. What is the definition of language? ? 3. What makes human language advantageous over animal language? 4 ? Language plays a central role in our lives as individuals and social beings. ? If we are not fully aware of the nature and mechanism of our language, we will be ignorant of what constitutes our essential humanity. ?如果不能完全理解语言的本质和结构, 我们就会对人类的本质一无所知。? Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols ? used for munication. ? Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols ? used for munication. Arbitrariness no intrinsic connection between the words and what they refer to system rule- governed Symbolic language can mean a sign system, . the vocal signs Human-specific innate to human (distinctive characteris tics of human being). What is Language? What is Language? ? Systematic---- rule-governed, elements in it are arranged according to certain rules; can ’ t be combined at will. ? . Language is a System * b d u l I × * I apple eat. × Language is Arbitrary Language is Arbitrary ? Arbitrary---- no intrinsic connection between the word and the thing it denotes, ? . ?笔记本电脑,本儿,手提电脑,手提, ? Laptop, notebook PC , portable computer ?“ A rose by any other name would smell as sweet ”----Shakespeare Language is Symbolic in Nature Language is Symbolic in Nature ? Symbolic---- words are associated with objects, actions ideas by convention. ? Car house eat run