柴油机曲轴失效分析及应对措施.pdf

摘要本文介绍了潍柴615曲轴的材质、几何尺寸、成形工艺等,并对主要工艺氮化后的曲轴进行了检测分析,同时针对市场上出现的失效曲轴进行分析,对曲轴的疲劳强度进行了试验及计算。本文对潍柴615合金钢轴进行了符合实际情况的有限元分析,校核了曲轴在交变载荷下的疲劳强度,并通过曲轴的疲劳试验对分析和计算的结果进行了验证。本文还针对市场上退回的失效曲轴进行检查,包括断裂形式、部位及塑性变形情况,并按失效的不同部位进行分类,找出了失效的规律,确定了被动方式如化瓦或失油造成曲轴失效,另外是由制造和装配质量原因引起的曲轴失效,从而制定出了加强对用户的宣传,保证按正确的方法使用,及时进行维护保养,装配减振器时把紧螺栓、加工R角到位等有效的预防措施。本文对失效曲轴进行统计汇总,对于潍柴厂曲轴的设计、工艺改进等方面提供可借鉴的实际数据,提出的预防失效措施有利于降低曲轴事故,不断提高产品质量,加大市场竞争力。关键词:曲轴;失效分析;氮化;疲劳强度;预防措施;有限元分析 Abstract The material,geometrical size and 69uration technics process ofWD6 5 crankshaR are introduced crankshaR afternitridation istestedand ,the fatiguestrength ofcrankshaR istestedand calculated for the reason offailuremode ofthecrankshaR proVided by consumers’feedback. Thispaper hasdone行nite element analysis of、ⅣD6 5crankshaR,which accords with theactualsituation,and thencheckout , thefatigueexperiments are done toVaIidatetheresultsofanalysis andcalculation. The broken type,broken position and plasticdefo册ation degree ofthe failed crankshaRs which are back from market are checked andclassined according totheir difrerentfailurepositions sothatthefailurerule can following rulefinds thatbush melting oroillackmay cause thecrankshaR factors such as bad manufacture or assembly may also cause thecrankshaft appropriate preVentions are made:enhancing propaganda inorder to ensure correct operation and maintenance intime;screwing down theboltswhile mounting absorber; machining er correctly. The statisticsand summarizing tofailedcrankshms can supplyactual咖for crankshaR design and technics improVement in which are put fonⅣard inthisarticle aureinf打or ofdecreasing crankshaR accident,continuously improVing product qualit)r andenhancing petitiVe power. Key words:Crankshaft;Failure analysis;Nitridation;F atiguestren或h;PreVention; Finiteelement analysis 独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作和取得的研究成果,除了文中特别加以标注和致谢之处外,论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的