荔枝保鲜研究进展
园艺学院:庄晓铠 学号:AM20090318 指导老师:吴振先
摘要:荔枝是原产于我国华南的亚热带水果。荔枝存在收获时间短、采后果皮褐变严重、耐贮运性差等特点,对荔枝的生产与销售极为不利。据统计,荔枝每年因腐烂变质而造成的损失约占总产量的20%以上[1][2] 。文章主要从荔枝的结构、采后生理特性、果皮褐变等方面综述荔枝保鲜机理的研究进展,分析目前比较常用的荔枝贮藏保鲜技术,总结荔枝保鲜存在的问题,并提出了荔枝保鲜研究的方向及对策。
关键词:荔枝 采后生理 贮运 保鲜
Study on fresh-keeping techniques of litchi
Abstract:Litchi is a kind of subtropical fruits and originated from south ,litchi is charactered by short harvesting period,severe browning of fruit skin after harvest ,and bad tolerance to storage and transportation,etc.,which is very unfavorable to its production and to statistics,accounts for about 20% of the total litchi output loss by browning and decay [1][2].In the paper,the advances in fresh-keeping mechanism of litchi were summarized from the structure of litchi,the physiological characteristics of postharvest and the browning of fruit skin,etc.Moreover,the current popular storage and fresh-keeping techniques of litchi were analyzed,the existing problems on fresh-keeping were also summed up,and the research direction and countermeasures of fresh keeping of litchi were brought forward.
Keywords:litchi physiological characteristics storage and transportation fresh-keeping
1 荔枝保鲜的机理
荔枝果实结构最明显的特点是表面有龟裂片,其果皮由内、中、外三层构成,最外一层为含花青素苷的栅状组织细胞,组织孔隙极多;中层是细胞间隙极大的海绵状组织,占果皮大部分;而最内层则为数层组织较密的薄壁细胞。外果皮与中果皮之间有石细胞,含有褐色物质[3] 。各层相互间结合十分疏松,保水力极弱
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