初三知识点U3.doc

八年级上知识点总结
Unit3 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
本单元语法归纳：
过去进行时：
1. 概念: 表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内正进行的动作。
2. 构成: was/were + 动词现在分词
3. 用法:
a: 表示某一时刻正进行的行为, 与特定的过去时间状语连用,常见的时间有: at 8 last night, at this time at that time, at that moment 等
. What were you doing at 10 yesterday morning?
I was writing a letter to my father at that moment.
b: 表示过去某段时间内正进行的动作。
. We were building a house last winter.
They were waiting for you yesterday.
否定句和疑问句：
. We were not sleeping at home.
Was he feeling well?
4. 现在分词的构成
1) 一般动词在词尾加-ing, 如go--going。
2) 以不发音字母e结尾的动词, 先去掉e, 再加-ing。
come--coming   make--making   write--writing
3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词, 如果末尾以一个辅音字母结尾, 应先双写这个字母, 再加ing， x和w结尾的除外。
如: get--getting    swim--swimming  show--showing
4) 以字母y结尾的单词, 直接加ing。
     如carrying、playing、studying。
5) 以字母ie结尾的动词, 变ie为y, 再加ing。
   die → dying             lie →lying
6) 以元音字母加e结尾, 或以e结尾, 且e发音的
动词, 直接加- ing。 see--seeing            be--being
5. 在本单元中, 出现了以when和while引导的时间状语从句。
when表示“当……的时候”。从句中既可用延续性动词, 又可用非延续性动词, 这些动词既可以表示动作, 又可表示状态。从句中的动作既可和主句的动作同时发生, 又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。如：
    Mary was having dinner when I saw her .
    The boy was still sleeping when his mother got home yesterday morning .
while表示“在……的时候”、“在……期间”。它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或主句的动作发生在从句的动作过程中。
While从句中必须是表示动作或状态的延续性动词。如：
    The weather was fine while we were in Beijing .
    She