主谓一致.ppt

主谓一致—
指主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。
三大原则— 语法上一致
意义上一致
就近原则
1
语法上一致
The number of errors _____ (be)surprising.
Jane and Mary _____(look) alike.
主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。
is
look
2
意义上一致
The family ____(be )watching TV at home .
The news _____(be )very exciting.
主语的形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数，形单意复的单词如：people , police, cattle.
主语形式为复数，意义却为单数，谓语动词用单数，形复意单的如：works ,news 和一些以ies结尾的学科名称 physics , polities
are
is
3
就近原则
Either your students or Mr Wang ______ (know)this .
Not only the students but also their teacher _____ (have ) seen the film.
谓语动词的单复数的形式取决于最靠近它的词语。
如用连词or , either …or , neither …nor ,
not only …but also 等连接的并列主语，若一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词与靠近它的词语一致。
knows
has
4
具体注意要点

1. 某些集体名词，如family ,team 等做主语时，若当一个整体看，谓语动词就用单数，若就其中一个一个成员来看，谓语动词就用复数，class , club, audience ,committee , crowd , government , party, public , team 等。其中population 的用法也类似
His family _____(be) going to have a long journey.
They whole family _____(be) having lunch.
The population of China ____(be)very large ,and eighty percent of the population in China _____(be) farmer.
is
are
is
are
5
，people ,police ,cattle 等只当是复数看待，谓语须用复数.
The police ____(be) searching for him.
3. 单复数同形的词语做主语，谓语应根据意义决定其单复数的形式。
A sheep _____(be )over there .
Some sheep _____(be ) over there .
4. 有些名词复数形式作为一个整体，（如度量，距离，金额，时间，书名等）其谓语动词用单数。
Three weeks _____(be ) not enough to finish the work .
1000dollars ____(be ) a large amount of money.
are
is
are
is
is
6
5. 名词所有格之后的名词被省略（这种情况一般纸商，工场，住宅等），这时，动词一般用单数。常见的有：the baker ’s, the barber ’s , the Zhang ’s等。 注意：表示店铺的名词做主语时，谓语常用复数。
The doctor’s _____(be ) on the side of the street .
My uncle’s _____(be ) not far from here .
Richardson ’s ______(have) a lot of imported goods to sell.
is
is
have
7
6. 单数名词被more than one , many a 修饰，概念上是复数，但中心词是单数，谓语须用单数。注意“more +复数名词+than one”结构之后，谓语多用复数。
More than one student _____(have ) seen the film .