中国的监狱制度.doc

中国的监狱制度


　　Jail System
　　The Prison Law of the People’s Republic of China was adopted and went into force on December 20， 1994 at the 11th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People’s Congress.
　　Regulatory Authorities
　　The Prison Law provides that the State Council judicial administration （Ministry of Justice） supervises all prisons across the country. The Ministry of Justice has a Bureau of Prison Administration that supervises all prisons in the country. In the provinces （municipalities directly under the central government and autonomous regions）， offices of justice are responsible for managing prisons in their own jurisdiction through their prison administration arms.
　　Prisons in China are divided into two categories：
　　Prisons incarcerating inmates who have been condemned by courts to a fixed-term sentence， life sentence or death penalty with two years reprieve. Male and female inmates are warded separately， with female wards managed by female law enforcement personnel. Prisons may also be divided into wards for felons and criminals of misdemeanor.
　　Penitentiaries for juvenile delinquents， criminals of minor age who have been condemned by courts to a fixed-term sentence， life sentence or death penalty with two years reprieve. Special protection is extended to juvenile delinquents， with customized proc