现代语言学名词解释.doc

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现代语言学名词解释
现代语言学名词解释
现代语言学
一 绪论
1 Linguisitics :Linguistics is generally defined as the scientic study of language
2 Phonetics : The study of sounds which are used in linguistics communication is called example,vowels and consonants
3 Phonology” : The study of how sounds are put together and used in communication is called example,phone,phoneme,and allophone.
4 Morphology :The study of the way in which morphemes are arranged to form words is called example,boy and “ish”---boyish, teach---teacher.
5 Syntax : The study of how morphemes and words are combined to form sentences is called esample,”John like linguistics.”
6 Semantics:        The study of meaning in language is called semantics. For example,:The seal could not be zoo keeper became worried.” The seal could not be found,The king became worried.” Here the word seal means different things.
7 Pragmatics: The study of meaning in context of use is called example, “I do” The word do means different context.
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8 Sociolinguistics: The study of language with reference to society is called example,regional dialects,social variation in language.
9Psycholinguistics: The study of  language with reference to workings of mind is called psycholinguistics.
二 音系学
1 Phonetics: The study of sounds that are used in linguistic communication is called phonetics.
2 Phonology: The study of how sounds are put together and used in communication is called phonology.
3 Phone: Phone can be simply defined as the speech sounds we use when speaking a language. A phone is a phonetic unit or segement. It does not necessarily distinguish meaning; some do,some don’t.
4 Phoneme: Phonology is concerned with the speech sounds which distinguish meaning. The basic unit in phonology is called phoneme;it is a unit that is of distinctive value.
5 allophone: The different phones which can repre