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名词单数变复数变化规则:
一.可数名词
1.一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s”,如map→maps, bag→bags,book-books等;
2.以s,x, sh, ch结尾的词加“es”,如bus→buses, watch→watches, box-boxes等;
3.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,去掉f, fe 加ves的名词有: half→halves knife→knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves
4.以o 结尾的名词变复数时:
a)加s的名词有(无生命):photo→photos ,piano→pianos, radio→radios
b)加es的名词有(有生命): potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes
5.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,变y为i加es,如baby→babies, family-families, study-studies等;
以元音字母+ y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数,如monkey→monkeys, holiday→holidays, storey→storeys(楼层);
6. oo变ee的单词:foot-feet, goose-geese, tooth-teeth;
7. a变e的单词: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen;
8. 复数与原形一致的单词:fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese;
“鱼肉”“鱼的多少”“种类“时,复数是“fishes”。There are many kinds of fishes in the river。
9. 有些名词以-s结尾,但表达的是单数意义,例如:news,maths,politics,physics,the United States等。
10. 常以复数形式出现的名词,例如:glasses,trousers,shoes,gloves,socks等,要表达他们的量时常用pair,例如:a pair of glasses/shoes; 复数只需量词变复数,例如:two pairs of shoes
11. 名词作定语时,不用复数形式,如:a shoe shop。如果要表示复数,则去掉不定冠词,把名词词组中的最后一个名词变成复数形式,如:an apple tree---apple trees
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例外:man,woman作定语时,如果后面的名词是复数,则man,woman也要跟着变复数。如:a woman teacher----three women teachers
常见的不可数名词:
Food, meat, fish, chicken, beef, drink, milk, water, homework, news, information, fun, work, Chinese, English, music等
二.名词所有格
(一)表示有生命的名词所有格
1. 在单数名词后加---’s
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