CET4完形填空.ppt

Cloze ? : ?考试时间为 15分钟,占 710 分的 10% ,有 20个空。一般为题材熟悉,难度适中的说明文、议论文。? : ?1. 词汇:在同一个语篇中出现的词语总是以复现或共现关系出现的。名词主要考查同义词、反义词的辨析; 动词集中在惯用搭配及虚拟语气上; 形容词包括作定语和表语的形容词; ?副词包括地点副词、方式副词、程度副词、引导句子的副词。?2. 语法结构:主要集中在对结构词(即代词、冠词、介词、连词等)的考查,以及对虚拟语气、定语从句、状语从句、倒装句的考查。?3. 固定搭配:主要考查动词短语、名词短语、形容词短语、介词短语以及其他习惯性搭配。?4. 语篇:包括对段落和全文的理解及对上下文中词语与句子含义的理解。? III. 解题技巧: ?1. 照应关系:首先考虑要填入的词在上下文语境中能否说得通,即是否符合逻辑; 其次被选中的词在具体的上下文中的确切含义。?2. 照应关系在解题中的应用: ?1)语义衔接题:主要对同义词/近义词(名词、动词、形容词、副词等)的选择。第一步,把明显不符语意的选项排除; 第二步,仔细阅读上下句,尽量找出与选项中任何一个词相照应的词或短语,那么该词就是答案。?2)惯用衔接题:主要指一些固定搭配,如动词与介词、副词的固定搭配;名词与介词的固定搭配;形容词与介词的固定搭配。?3)结构衔接题:指一些固定句式的衔接以及对从句、虚拟语气、倒装句及平行结构等语法关系的考查。在做题时主要寻求谓语动词的结构和形式为照应线索,或依据前后句的意思和逻辑关系判断从句的种类。?4 )逻辑衔接题:考查句子与句子之间的关系。要达到意思上的连贯就要使用正确的逻辑关系连接词,如: instead of, however, moreover, while, though, if, and, but, furthermore , etc. 实例详解一. 运用词汇知识解题 1. 运用动词所包含结构的肯定与否定含义和上下文的关系解题。如: So far 20 years, we ’ ve been focusing on these materials _______ to the molecules, looking for ways to make them sage for people and the . A) back B) near C) down D) next Key: C) 2) Home builders can now use materials …… that don ’ t destroy the quality of the air, water, or soil. Ultimately, ______, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “ less bad ” but on pletely healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil ……. anyway B) besides C) anyhow D) however Key: D) 3) Do not talk too much to the child during meal times, but let him get on with his food, and do not 76_______ him to leave table immediately after a meal or he will 77_____ learn to swallow his food so he can hurry back to his toys. 76. A) agree B) allow C) force D) persuade 77. A) hurriedly B) soon C) fast D) slowly Key: B), B) 实例详解 2. 运用上下文情景或上下句的联系解题。如: 4) In the race to improve educational standards, schools are throwing the books at kids. Even elementary school students plaining of homework _____. What ’ s a well- meaning parent to do? A) fatigue B) c