天津科技创新指标的国际比较和分析.pdf

摘要 2l世纪是一个知识经济的时代,科技创新已成为一个国家和地区综合实力和经济发展的重要因素。创新战略的实施及创新型国家建设也越发受到各国的关注。当前,我国已将自主创新和建设创新型国家作为发展战略。建设创新型城市是建设创新型国家的重要立足点。本文从科技创新能力的重要意义和创新型城市的概念模型出发,论述了国际创新型国家和创新型城市的建设发展模式和成功经验。本文遵循科技指标的科学性、可比性、可靠性三个原则,选取了经济和社会发展基础、科技投入资源、企业创新能力和科技投入产出等四大类11个具体量化指标对天津科技创新能力进行国际比较与分析。选取了经济合作与发展组织 OECD的30个成员国作为参照系,为了同时了解和分析国内城市的总体形势, 将北京、上海、青岛、大连四个城市与天津一起进行参比。结果证明,天津市在国内关于创新能力的比较中一向占有优势地位,而将天津与OECD国家(这些国家大部分都处于创新型国家的行列)进行比较时,天津在能体现科技创新能力的核心指标上的表现不佳,唯一表现好的高技术产品出口指标主要得益于外资企业的贡献,说明要在2020年将天津建成创新型城市仍面临重大的挑战。通过对评价结果的分析,本文提出了影响天津市科技创新能力提高的主要问题,并针对这些问题进行了SWOT(优势、弱势、机遇、威胁)分析,并提出了相应的对策。关键词:创新型城市:国际比较;SWOT分析;科技创新能力 ABSTI认CT In 2 St century,we have already stepped intothe era ofknowledge—based ,technology and innovation have e key factorscontributing toeconomic growth inany country,any region orany ,the implement oftheinnovation strategy andtheconstruction oftheinnovation city have received more and more ,China has made great efforts toenhance the capacity ofindependent innovation and toconstruct aninnovative the process,the construction oftheinnovation city thisthesis, the development pattems and the essful experience ofseveral international innovative countries and cities were discussed on thebasisofthekey point ofthe science andtechnology(S&T)innovation capacity and theconceptual model ofthe innovative city. Inorder tomake the S&T indicators patible and reliable,we selected eleven quantified indicators from economic and socialdevelopment,S&T devotion resources,the innovative capacity ofenterprises and theirinnovation on thesequantified indicators,pared theS&T innovative capacity between Tianjin and thirty countries anization for economic CO-operation and development(OECD).In addition,four other domestic cities including Beijing,Shanghai,Qingdao and Dalian were alsoappointed toaRend parison,SO that we can analysis and know theoverallposition ofthedomestic cities. parison ofinnovative ability