初中英语知识点总结.doc

(对) Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, an d is still studying it now. 2 ) (错) Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 显 然, 第二句不对, 它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years. 【 since 的四种用法】 1) since + 过去一个时间点( 如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、 1980, last month, half past six )。例如: I have been here since 1989. 1989 起,我一直在这儿。 2) since + 一段时间+ ago 。例如: I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿,已经有五个月了。 3) since + 从句。例如: Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后,变化可大了。 4) It is+ 一段时间+ since 从句。例如: It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。【延续动词与瞬间动词】 1) 用于完成时的区别延续动词表示经验、经历; 瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如: He pleted the work. 他已完成了那项工作。(表结果) I've known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历) 2) 用于 till / until 从句的差异延续动词用于肯定句, 表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句, 表示"到……,才……"。例如: He didn'e back until ten o'clock. 他到 10 点才回来。 He slept until ten o'clock. 他一直睡到 10 点。典型例题 2. ---I'm sorry to keep you waiting. ---Oh, not at all. I ___ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be 答案 A. 等待的动作由过去开始,持续到现在,应用现在完成时。【重点部分提要】