主 谓 一 致
一、主谓一致
主谓一致有许多原那么,概括起来不外乎三种一致原那么,即 , (语言内容上一致), (谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致)。 (精品文档请下载)
1。毗邻一致(就近原那么)
(1)由连词or, nor, neither…nor, either…or, not only … but also, not…but。.等连接的并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式按毗邻一致的原那么,: (精品文档请下载)
1) He or you have taken my pen.
2) You or he has taken my pen。
3) Are either you or Mary to go to the meeting?
(2)在there be构造中,谓语动词的单复数形式一般也采取就近原那么,: (精品文档请下载)
1)There is a desk and four benches in the office.
2)There are four chairs and a desk in the office.
3)Are there two exercise books and a dictionary on the desk。(精品文档请下载)
(语言内容上一致及意义上的一致) 关键在于主语名词的特殊性
(1)有些集合名词如crowd, family, team, orchestra(管弦乐队), group, government, committee, class, school, couple 等,它们作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据语言内容而定。假设它们表示一个“集体单位”时,动词用单数形式;假如表示“其中的各个成员”,那么谓语用复数形式。关键是正确理解他们是表示“单位”还是表示“单位成员”例如: (精品文档请下载)
1)Our class is made up of 56 students.
2) Their class are having a meeting now.
3) The team is headed by a very experienced coach。
4) The team are having a bath in the bathroom。
注:如这类词后跟有定语从句时,定语从句的谓语动词也遵循概念一致的原那么,强调详细成员时,谓语动词用复数,关系代词用who; 强调整体时,谓语动词用单数,关系代词用which。例如: (精品文档请下载)
1) It is my family which is a happy one.
2) I love my family who are all sports lovers.
(2)有些表示总称意义的名词,形式上是单数,而意义上却是复数,谓语动词要用复数形式,如people, police, cattle, poultry(家禽)等。例如: (精品文档请下载)
1)Cattle were allowed to graze on the vill
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