外文翻译--尼罗河体系的水质评价：综述.docx

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中文3790字
附录<外文翻译
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BIOMEDICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL 17,87-100<2004>
Water Quality Assessment of the River Nile Sontinuousmonitoring scheme shall be developed for the River Nile system. The environmental law shall beenforced to prohibit the discharge of wastewater <agricultural, domestic or industrial> to River Nile system.
Key words: Water quality; River Nile; Lakes; Pollution sources; Assessment
INTRODUCTION
The availability of water of acceptable quality in Egypt is limited and getting even morerestricted, while at the same time, the needs for water increase as a result of populationgrowth, industrial development and cultivation of desert land. The country depends for morethan 90 percent of its water supply on the River Nile. Groundwater resources are limited andthe direct contribution of rainfall, except for the Mediterranean coastal area, is neglected.
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Irrigated agriculture is by far the largest consumer of water <almost 90percent> and,although advances in irrigation and agricultural technologies stimulate water conservation,furtherintensification of crop schedules and extension of agricultural areas put an increasingdemand on the already scarce water resources. peting demands between industrialdevelopment and human consumption are puttinga severe strain on a balanced allocation ofthe limited resources to the various users.
Water Resources
The River Nile forms the main water resource of Egypt. Through the 1959 Nile Waterbillion m3/yr. was allocated to Egypt. The actual release from the High Aswan Dam showsvery little yearly variation. Annual variation of the release of water from the High AswanDam depends mainly on irrigation needs. The release from the high Aswan Dam rangesfrom approximately 800 m3/s during the <winter> closure period to approximately 2 760 m3/sduring the summer months. In the Nile Valley and Nile Delta, groundwater resource usemainly being recharged from the Nile and from account for approximately billion m3/yr.,