过去分词和如今分词用法比较
英语中的分词分两种:如今分词(the present participle)和过去分词(the past participle).虽然它们在句子中都可作名词修饰语、接系动词补足语、宾语补足语等,但是它们形式不同 过去分词和如今分词用法比较
英语中的分词分两种:如今分词(the present participle)和过去分词(the past participle).虽然它们在句子中都可作名词修饰语、接系动词补足语、宾语补足语等,但是它们形式不同,而且语义也有差异。
如今从四方面举例说明。
⒈如今分词表示动作是主动的和正在进展的(例①-③);过去分词的动作是被动的和完成的(例④-⑥):
① The boiling water is hot.
② A sleeping baby is good to look at.
③ She has a smiling face。
④ You can use the boiled water to make tea。
⑤ Where is my lost key?
⑥ A broken mirror cannot be repaired.
有时,由于两个动词“异词同义”,其分词也跟着不同 ,如:
⑦a. Have you seen the man wearing a T—shirt?
b. Who is the man dressed in a blue shirt?
⑧a。 His new book consisting of useful data has been well received。 (精品文档请下载)
b。 Do you like the book made up of untrue stories?
⒉在语义上,如今分词和过去分词反映的心理状态不同。前者有 “令人……”的含义(见例⑨);过去分词那么有“感到……"的意思(见例⑩): (精品文档请下载)
⑨ The soccer match last night was thrilling.(令人紧张)
⑩ The soccer fans were delighted。(感到快乐)
其他例子有:
● amazing: amazed;
● annoying: annoyed;
● boring: bored;
● confusing: confused;
● surprising: surprised;
● terrifying: terrified
试比较11a和b和12a和b:
11a. This is the most confusing system I have ever seen。 (精品文档请下载)
11b. The children will get confused if asked to learn too much at a time。 (精品文档请下载)
12a。 David came with some surprising news.
12b。
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