主谓一致
在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原那么,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原那么.
一、语法一致原那么
语法上一致就是谓语re a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful。 / 50% of the students in our class are girls。(精品文档请下载)
注意:a number of“许多",作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of“……的数量",主语是number,谓语用单数。(精品文档请下载)
8. 在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应和其后的主语一致。如:There comes the bus。 / On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts。 (精品文档请下载)
二、逻辑意义一致原那么
逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因有时主语形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)。(精品文档请下载)
1。 what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。如:Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing.(精品文档请下载)
2。 表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体,如:Thirty minutes is enough for the work。(精品文档请下载)
3. 假设英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如:“The Arabian Nights” is an interesting story-book。(精品文档请下载)
4. 表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式(:One and a half apples is (are) left on the table.(精品文档请下载)
5。 算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数对待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。如:Twelve plus eight is twenty。 / Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.(精品文档请下载)
6. 一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾,如:mathematics, politics, physics 和news, works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:The paper works was built in 1990. / I think physics isn‘t easy to study。
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