骨骼肌肉烧伤.ppt

骨骼肌肉烧伤
目录
CONTENT
Structure of skin
Types of burn
Incidence and prevalence
Introduction
01
Extent and Depth% hot object contact, 4% electrical, 3% chemical, 6% others.
Place of Occurrence:43% home, 17% street/highway, 8% occupational, 32% other
Classification of Burn
PART 02
Extent and Depth
Classification of burn: degree & extent
Severity of burn: degree & extent
Degree of burns: 2 system in terms of depth of skin destruction
Assessment by clinical observation (66%) accuracy) or using Laser Doppler (probes placed on a burn area to monitor micro-vascular blood flowing the dermis)
2. Extent of burns injuries:2 systems in terms of width of skin destruction: rules of nine & Lund-Browder Chart
- Causes of injuries & types of burning agents
. hot oil, tar, or chemical agents& electricity burn=> third degree burn
Degree
Location
1st degree
Superficial
2nd degree: superficial
Superficial partial thickness
2nd degree: deep
Deep partial thickness
3rd degree
Full thickness
Classification of burn: degree & extent
First degree
. sunburn
Damage only the top epidermal layer of skin
Erythema红斑 (superficial redness of skin), if press→white (blanches)
No blisters, painful, no chance of infection
Self-heal in 3 to 6 days
Classification of burn: degree & extent
Second degree (superficial)
=superficial partial thickness
entire epidermis involved
Hallmark: When pressure is applied to the reddened area, the area will blanch 发白but demonstrate a brisk 快速的 or rapid capillary refill upon release of the pressure.
May have blistering, red & moist under blister
Chance of infection
painful
heal within 3 weeks
only a change in skin color and pigmentation色素沉积 when healed
Classification of burn: degree & extent
Second degree (deep)
=deep partial thickness
entire epidermis and large portion of dermis involved (hair follicles, sweat glands & sebaceous glands 皮脂腺spared)
capillary refill may be absent or may be sluggish缓慢的 when pressure is released