初中语法知识.ppt

讲座语法知识语法知识——句子成分——句子成分 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 汉语的发展顺序字词短语单句复句多重复句 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 实词名词(表人或物、表时间、表方位) 动词(动作行为、发展变化、心理活动等) 形容词(表事物的形状、性质、状态) 数词(含确数、概数、序数) 量词(表物量或动量) 代词(含人称、疑问和指示代词) 副词(用在动词或形容词前)介词(用在名词或代词前)连词(起连接作用)助词(起辅助作用, 表附加的语气、动态或结构意义) 叹词(表示感叹或呼唤应答)拟声词(摹拟事物的声音) 虚词 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 词与词的结合构成短语短语组合方式类型使用短语应注意的问题语序:吃饭、打球虚词:我的祖国、老师和学生主谓短语: 脸红、果实累累偏正短语: 我的朋友、完全明白动宾短语: 穿衣服、听他的后补短语: 动补—盛满;形补—好极并列短语: 报刊杂志、听说读写介宾短语: 从北京来、比我高的字短语: 红的、买的、你的②并列语序可互换位置①要求搭配使用得当①② Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 短语与短语构成单句,单句与单句构成复句,句子是单句和复句的合称单句主谓句动词谓语句非主谓句:由其他短语或单个词构成的单句句子的成分主语谓语宾语定语状语补语中心语句子的用途陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句不同句式的选择和运用主动句被动句肯定句否定句形容词谓语句名词谓语句主谓谓语句 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1、主语:是一句话陈述的对象,表示谁或什么;主要由名词、代词充当,动词、形容词、数量词及其短语也可充当主语。如: 回家的感觉又不知不觉涌上心头。______________ 返回 Evaluation only. Evaluation only. Created with Client Profile . Created with Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Copy