高一英语必修4知识点总结.doc

高一英语必修4 各单元知识点归纳

Unit1 Women of achievement
重要词汇拓展
1 achievement n。成就,功绩→achieve ，完成，实现
2 welfare n 福利事业，福利ake turns to do sth 采取步骤做某事
research on… 做…方面的研究
21。mean to do 打算做某事 mean doing 意味着
22. by now 直到如今
重点句型再现
1 She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
她花去多年的时间观察和记录它们的日常活动。
（spend+时间/金钱+doing sth 花时间或金钱去做某事)
2 Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 她的母亲头几个月来帮过她的忙；这才使她得以开场自己的方案.
（only位于句首并修饰状语，句子要发生部分倒装，将助动词或联络动词置于主语之前）
3 Following Jane’s way of studing chimps， our group are all going to visit them in the forest。
我们一行人将按照Jane研究猩猩的方法去森林里拜访他们。
(-ing作方式状语。注意非谓语动词作状语时的区别：—ing主动/进展/延续，-ed被动/过去，to do主动/将来）
seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen carrer travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles 看起来她忙于所选择的和写作一样的到国外研究。
（It seemed that+从句：似乎是，看起来好似是。 as well as 还有）
made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients
后来使她成功的是她对所有病人献出的爱心和体贴。
(What made her succeed主语从句。理解what引导的名词性从句的译法,明白它们在句中的成分：作主语、宾语、表语、同位语)
语法剖析（主谓一致)
主谓一致，指人称和数方面的一致关系。分为:语法一致, 内容一致， 就近一致
。
(一） 语法一致原那么： 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数，：
1. 单数主语即使后面带有with ， along with， together with， like（象)， but （除了)，except, besides, as well as, no less than， rather than(而不是)， including, in addition to 引导的短语， : Air as well as water is matter.　  空气和水都是物质。No one except two servants was late for the dinner.  除了两个仆人外， 没有一个人迟来用餐。
2。 用and连接的并列主语，假设主语是同一个人，同一事，同一概念， 谓语动词用单数, 否那么用复数。如:
The poet and writer has come.　　 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人）
A hammer and a saw are useful tools。　 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. （两样物)
用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包）, knife and fork（刀叉）等作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。
3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语）， 或从句作主语时， 谓语动词用单数. 如:
Serving the people is my great happiness。
为人民效劳是我最大的幸福.
When we’ll go out for an outing has been decided。
我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了.
4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数.
Every boy and e