教学机械手设计说明书.doc

摘要科学发展观为我国工程技术的发展开辟了广阔的道路,而机械手作为一种高科技自动化生产设备,已经广泛应用于国民经济的各个领域,这就对我们的教育培训部门提出了新的要求。因此,为了适应社会发展的形势,在现有技术基础上设计一台教学型机械手有着深远的科教意义。本次设计教学用四自由度机械手为教学用专用机械手, 主要由手爪、手臂、机身、机座等组成,具备抓取、搬运等多种功能, 本机械手机身采用机座式,实验对象围绕机座布置,其坐标形式为关节式,具有水平旋转、手臂竖直摆动等 4个自由度;驱动方式为电机驱动,利用电机带动减速机, 减速机减速后带动旋转轴实现各个回转运动。电动驱动的优点是控制精度高,能精确定位,反应灵敏,可实现高速、高精度的连续轨迹控制,伺服特性好。本次设计的机械手能对不同物体完成多种动作。采用单片机控制系统,最终实现关节的伺服控制和制动、实时监测机器人的各个关节的运动情况、机器人的在线修改程序、设置参考点和回参考点。关键词: 机械手;电机驱动;伺服系统。 Abstract Scientific outlook on development for the development of Engineering Technology in China has opened upa broad road, while the robot asa high-tech automated production equipment, has been widely used in various fields of the national economy, it is toour education and training departments toput forward new requirements. Therefore, in order to adapt the social development situation, based on the existing technology and design a teaching manipulator has profound scientific significance. This design education with three degrees of freedom to education with a dedicated robotic manipulator, mainly by the gripper arm, body, frame and ponents, with the feeding, handling and other functions, the phone adopts the base machine, experimental arranged around the base object, its coordinates in the form of joint type, with horizontal rotation, vertical arm swing, and other three degrees of freedom; drive the motor drive, using motor driven reducer, gear reducer drive shaft after each rotation to achieve movement. Advantages of electric drive control, high precision, accurately positioning, responsive, enabling high-speed, high-precision continuous path control, servo characteristics ofa good. The design of the robot can perform multiple actions on different objects. Control system using single chip, and ultimately the joint servo control and braking problems, real-time monitoring of the robot movement of each joint, the robot programming and online teaching modify the program, set the reference point and back to the reference point. Keywords : m an