房地产成本科目与合约规划的关系.doc

房地产成本科目与合约规划的关系
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several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-2~3 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then the vertical installation accurate. For example a, b, and c valueswhile on horizontal vertical errors for measurement, General in iron angle code bit at measurement level points grid errors, specific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
several group number, then with b ± a, =c,c is is methyl b two vertical box between of accurate size. Per-2~3 measurement, such as proceeds of c values are equal and equal to the design value, then the vertical installation accurate. For example a, b, and c valueswhile on horizontal vertical errors for measurement, General in iron angle code bit at measurement level points grid errors, specific method is from baseline to methyl vertical box center line distance for a,, to b vertical box distance for b, list can measured
    近年，随着国家宏观调控力度加大，房地产开发行业的竞争也日益加剧，对地产项目赢利水平产生了严重影响。房地产企业要想保持正常的开发赢利水平，就必须从项目的成本控制入手。行业内普遍认为项目决策与规划设计阶段的成本目标设定是实现企业既定收益目标的关键，但在整个项目开发过程中如何进行有效管控，却是困难、复杂的工作。对于地产项目而言，所有重大经济活动的实施均从合同会签开始，因此从某种意义上说“合同管好了，成本自然可控”。下文我将试述如何使用“合约规划”的思路进行目标成本过程管控。
    一、如何编制合约规划？
    合约规划是指将目标成本按照“自上而下、逐级分解”的方式分解为合同大类，进而指导从招投标到最终工程结算整个过程的合同签订及变更的一种管控手段。“合约规划”将成本控制任务具体转化为对合同的严格管控，实现了对“项目动态成本”的有效管控。
    合约规划谁来编？这是我们必须首先弄清楚的问题。合约规划面向企业所有业务部门，因此其编制应是一个全员参与的过程，主要由项目成本经理牵头，组织各专业职能部门相关人员对目标成本进行分解。
    合约规划何时编？这主要根据企业管理的成熟度而定，如果企业的费项、合约规划体系相对稳定，可以在项目启动阶段的目标成本编制及审批后进行合约规划的编制。如果管理精细度还没到达这一步，至少应在目标成本最终确定后进行编制。
    对目标成本进行合约分解的方法多为“价量原则”和“经验值”，同时结合项目情况和投资收益指标，制定项目各控制费项可能发生的合约