形容词和副词.doc

形 容 词 和 副 词
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形容词
形容词是用来描绘或修饰名词的词，表示人或事物的性质或特征。
1 形容词的句法功能
形容词作定语的位置通常放在被修饰的名词前面。
如：I have a new bo们可以用 “one of +the +最高级”，“the +序数词（very等置于the之后）+最高级"或用much， even等词(置于the之后)来修饰.
Mr smart is one of the most popular teachers in our school.
副词
副词用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词或全句，说明时间，地点，程度及方式。
副词的构成
1 本身就是副词的词:now often always never very
2由形容词加ly转化而来的副词 careful- carefully polite –politely
true- truly full –fully angry—angrily happy- happily dry—dryly
副词的句法功能
作状语，I go to school very early every day.
作定语 The people here are very friendly.
作表语 Class is over。
作宾语补足语 Please let me in。
副词在句中的位置
修饰动词，一般放在动词之后，如是及物动词,那么放在宾语之后.
Please listen to me carefully。
频度副词一般放在行为动词之前,情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。
He often goes to work on foot。
句中同时出现时间,地点的副词作状语时，先地点,后时间。
He arrived here yesterday.
副词enough通常放在形容词或副词之后。
The boy isn’t old enough to go to school.
1 also， too ,either表示“也”的区别用法
also 比较正式,只能用于肯定句中，一般放在句中。
too多用于口语中，只能用于肯定句中，一般放在句尾，前面用逗号分隔开来；
either 只能用于否认句中，一般置于句末，并用逗号隔开。
much too / too much
much too用于修饰形容词或副词 too much用于修饰名词.
3 how long ,how often ， how soon
how long既可以用于对物的长度提问,表示“多长"，也可以用于对时间段提问，表示“多久”“多长时间"
how often用来对频度提问，表示“每隔多久"
how soon 是用来询问“过多久”某动作发生.
练习：（ ）1 Bob never does his homework _____Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.
A so careful as B as carefully as C careful as D as careful as
( ） 2 I feel ____better than yesterday。 A more B very C the D far
( ) 3 China has a larger population than ____in the world.
A all the countries B every country C any country D any other country
（ ） 4 This book is ____ on the subject.
A the much best B very much best C much the best D very the best
( ) 5 The sick boy is getting ____day by day 。A worse B bad C badly D worst
（ ) 6 This sweater looks ____and sells___.
A well, well B good, nice C nice， good D nice， well
（ ) 7 The smile on my father’s face showed that he was ____with me .
A