定语从句与宾语从句的区别与联系.docx

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宾语从句
一、宾语从句概说
　宾语从句是在复合句中起宾语作用从句。在谓语动词，介词和某些形容词等后面都可以接宾语从句。
　同学们要驾驭好宾语从句，主要应当留意以下三个关键：
　1．连接词：依据从句类型而定。
　2 answer the question.
　玛丽想知道谁能答复这一问题。〔一般过去时〕
　I didn't tell them where you were having the meeting.
　我没有告知他们你们正在哪儿开会。〔过去进展时〕
　3． 假如宾语从句表示是科学其理、客观事实或格言警句等，那么不管这句是何种时态，从句一律用一般此时此刻时。
　Granny told me that the earth moves around the 。
　She said a friend in need is a friend 。
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四、宾语从句语序：
　宾语从句语序一律运用陈述语序。
　1． 当宾语从句原为陈述句时，用that引导，语序不变。〔留意时态相同〕
　Tom isn't a good student. (The teacher told us)
　The teacher told us Tom wasn't a good student.
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老师告知我们汤姆不是一个好学生。
　He has given up smoking. (She said)
　She said he had given up 。
　2． 当宾语从句原为一般疑问句时，用whether或if连接，语序变为陈述语序。
　Is Jim a doctor? (I wonder)
　I wonder whether Jim is a 。
　Does she dance well? (Can you tell me)
　Can you tell me if she dances well? 你能告知我她舞跳是否好吗？
　3． 当宾语从句原为特殊疑问句时，特殊疑问词即为连接词，语序变为陈述语序。
　Where are you going? (She asked me)
　She asked me where you were 。
　What does he want to do. (She wondered)
　She wondered what he wanted to 。
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五、干脆引语与间接引语
　在学习宾语从句过程中，有一个重要学问就是：如何将干脆引语变为间接引语。在干脆引语变间接引语时，同
学们要留意以下事项：
　1．人称代词和物主代词要做相应调整。
　He said, "I'm glad to meet you."
　--- He said that he was glad to meet me.
　但假如说话者转述自己话，那么不用变人称。
　I said to them, "I'll leave a massage on his desk."
　--- I said to them that I'll leave a message on his desk.
　2．在一些状况下，假如人称代词所指代名词简洁发生混淆，那么最好将人称代词改为它所指代名词。
　My father thought, "Maybe he is right."
　--- My father thought that maybe the man was right.
　3．当干脆引语中出现when, while, since等词引导表示过去时间状语时，在变间接引语时，只变更主句时态，不变更该从句时态。
　Our teacher told us, "Jim has made great progress in Chinese since he came to China."
　--- Our teacher told us that Jim had made great progress in Chinese since he came to
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China.
　4．干脆引语变间接引语时，假如报告动词用say，那么不必加间接宾语。假如要加话，say后就必需要加介词to.
　The old man said, "It's going to rain."
　--- The old man sa