指示代词.doc

1 、指示代词分单数( this / that )和复数( these / those )两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如: 单数限定词: This girl is Mary. 代词: This is Mary. 复数 Those men are my teachers. Those are my teachers. 2、指示代词的句法功能指示代词主要有四个,即 this , that , these 和 those 。它们在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 This is my book. (主语) I want that. (宾语) My book is that. (表语) I like that dress. (定语) 注意: ,可用 that 和 those 代替前面提到的名词。如: The playground of this school is bigger than that of that school. ( That=the playground ) My seat is next to that of the mayor. ( that=mayor's seat ) 我的座位在市长座位旁边。 2. 用来回指上文提到的事情时,可用 this 或 that ,但是若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用 this 。如: --She isa beautiful girl. --Who said that? I want toknow this: Is she beautiful? 我想知道这一点:她美吗? ,通常用 this 指自己,用 that 指对方: Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗? 4. 除用作代词外, this 和 that 还可用作副词,用以修饰形容词或副词,意为“这么”、“那么”,相当于 so。如: I've done only that much. 我所做的就这么多。 Ishe always this busy? 他总这么忙吗? 5. 指示代词 this , that 和 these 在作主语时可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分时只能指物,不能指人。而 those