动名词分析及其与现在分词的区别.docx

动名词概说： 3
动名词结构的构成与形式： 3
动名词结构的构成： 3
一般情况下，直接加-ing 3
某些以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e,再加-ing 3
某些以"重读元音字母+辅音字母”结尾的动词，须重复辅音字母，再加-ingone
被动形式
being done
having been done
动名词结构的句法功能
1）动名词作主语
动名词直接放在句首作主语
eg: Seeing and doing are two entirely differently things. 看和做是两种完全不同的事
Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries. 用右手握手时许多国家的一种习俗
2•动名词在 “it's no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/a good pleasure等名词+doing”结构中作主语，it为形式主语
eg: It's no good writing to him, because he never answers letters. 写信给他不妥，因为他从不回信。
It will be a sad thing parting with her. 同她分手会是一件叫人伤心的事。
3•动名词在“ It's useless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile
等形容词+doing”结构中做主语，it为形式主语
eg: It's foolish doing so. 那样做是非常愚蠢的。
It's useless speaking. 光说没用。
4•动名词在“ There is(was) no+ doing ”结构中作主语
eg: There is no denying that she is very efficient. 她效率高是不容否认的。
There is no telling what he is going to do. 没有告诉说他准备做什么。
动名词作表语
动名词作表语用来表示主语的内容
eg: My work is teaching English.
My hobby is collecting stamps.
动名词作宾语
1•某些动词后要求跟动名词作宾语，常见此类动词有：
Admit
excuse
postpone
Anticipate
fancy
practice
Appreciate
finish
prevent
Avoid
forbid
propose
Consider
forgive
recollect
Delay
imagine
resent
Deny
involve
resist
Detest
keep
risk
Dislike
mind
save
Dread
miss
suggest
Enjoy
pardon
understand
Escape
permit
eg: I recommend buying the dictionary.
Will you admit having broken the window?
有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语，常见此类动词短 语有：
Can't stand can't help feel like
Give up put off
eg: He put off making a decision till he had more information.
Do you feel like taking a walk?
动名词常在介词或介词短语后面坐宾语，常这样用的介词 短语有：instead of, look forward to, object to, keep on, see about, take to 等
eg: We are looking forward to coming to China.
We succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.
4•在"have difficulty(trouble, problem, a hard time, fun, a good time)(+in)+动名词；waste time(in)+动名词；lose time(in)+动 名词；There is no point(in)+动名词”等结构中，动名词作介 词宾语，in常省去
eg: I wasted an hour going to the library only to f