雅思阅读之巧用关联词.doc

1 雅思阅读之巧用关联词朗阁海外考试研究中心林炎珠一、关联词的定义和分类关联词是指使得词和词之间, 句与句之间关系更加紧密的词或词组, 也有不少人称之为关系词又或者信号词。不管在雅思听说读写四门中的任何一门都需要用到这类词, 以使得句子理解或描述更加流畅,句意更加明晰。在雅思阅读中, 关联词在解题,尤其是 Summary 和 List of Headings 题中的应用尤为重要, 笔者在下文中会一一说明。现在我们先来看看关联词的具体分类。朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家总结过去的题目后认为, 关联词按照用法主要可以分为两大类——支持类关联词和反对类关联词。 1. 关联词之支持类关联词支持类关联词, 即用上此类词或词组, 句子内部或句子间的方向没有发生改变, 只是根据前面的句意进一步延伸和细化, 对前面的词和句子起到支撑和补充作用。当然, 从这个意义上来说,这种词不一定都是连词。以下, 朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家将对关联词进行归类, 这类词包含: ?举例关联词: for example, for instance, ., such as, like, take sth. for example, in particular, specifically ?类比关联词: like, alike, similar, same, as, resemble, parison, compare ?条件关联词: If, Only if, given that, in case of, unless, as long as , supposing that but for ?选择,并列和递进关联词: or, either … or, and, as well, also, besides, apart from, in addition, what ’s more, furthermore, moreover , (分号;) 2 ?因果关联词: ?表示由...... 引起的,后接原因的词或词组: because, since, as, because of, as a result of, as a consequence of, due to, result from, be attributed to, be contributed to, arise from, stem from, owing to, thanks to, in that ?表示导致,后接结果的词或者词组: so, therefore, thus, as a result, as a consequence, hence, lead to, result in, attribute to, contribute to, give rise to, bring about, generate, breed, trigger, incur ?总结关联词: in conclusion, to conclude, to sum up, in sum, all in all, in brief 2. 关联词之反对类关联词反对类关联词,即用上此类词或词组,句子内部或句子间的方向、句义发生颠覆性的改变, 使前后句子意思形成相反关系, 这类词包含: ?否定关联词: not, none, no, never,