托福听力Unit_2[突破英语等级考试].ppt

TOEFL听力
能力训练
托福题型
Gist content
Gist purpose
Details
Understanding the function of what is said
Understanding the speaker’s attitude
anization
Connecting content
Making inferences
出题点概括
开头结尾
新词和新概念
重复出现的词和概念
大篇幅的举例
课堂提问
教授建议
语义强调
解释说明
程度副词
概括总结
对比类比
重音强调
停顿强调
清晰强调
因果逻辑
转折逻辑
人名数字
选项特点
正确选项:
多为同义替换词
和主旨相关
和说话人态度一致
迷惑选项:
多次出现但与题意不相关
正确的不相关观点
符合主旨,范围过大
主旨题
content
说话者的内容概括
通常出现在授课中
注意头尾呼应
OG127
purpose
说话人的主要目的
通常出现在对话中
出现在对话开头
OG128
Questions:
What is the man(someone)’s problem?
What is the topic of the (discussion)?
What are the (speakers) mainly discussing?
What is the (lecture) mainly about?
What aspect of (topic) does the professor mainly discuss?
Why does the student visit the professor?
Why does the professor ask to see the student?
How to find gist
开头结尾、新概念、重复概念、概括总结
对话发起者,提出问题者(目的)
对话应答者,回答提问者(内容)

注意:避开Opening words & Small talk;在听的过程中须调整对主旨的理解,注意教授提到上节课的内容时,主旨往往紧接在下文出现
主旨目的题的标识语
表观点目的句/词、祈使句、疑问句
I have a problem / question about;
I’d like to;
I/we are going to;
I/we need /want to;
I believe ;
Let’s;
Could you…;
There be…
Etc.
表强调:
With emphasis on;
In particular; Especially
Mainly;
Just, only
Always, often, all the time
Etc.
主旨内容题选项甄别
正确选项往往是结构概述
正确选项往往谓语部分采用了同义替换
如果A选项属于B选项,则选择B选项
What point is the speaker trying to explain?
Practice:
Long conversation – LG128、LG129、DT215
Lecture – LG129、DT216
细节题
询问听力材料中的“重要“细节信息–既为主旨理解服务的细节。
细节题一定是按照听到的顺序均匀分布在整片听力材料中。
细节题的出题点通常是:新概念、分观点、解释说明、举例说明、逻辑关系、对比和类比、课堂提问、人名数字。
出现重要细节时,文中往往会有明确的信号
OG130
Detail questions
一般细节题:
What is stated/indicated in the passage/lecture about…?
What aspects of A did the professor mention?
What is the way that A and affect B?
According to the professor, what is the main problem/benefit of A?
When/why/how/where does A happen?
Why is A correct/effective/…?
图片题:
Which picture best describe…
Select the diagram that represents…
Identify the part of the picture that shows…
Which area of the diagram illustrates…
专有名词:
What is a…?
In this conversation, what does…mean?
How