完形填空基本解题技巧指导.ppt

基本解题技巧指导
完形填空
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近年高考完形填空题型特点
1. 以叙为主, 叙议结合;
2. 篇章短小, 意义完整;
3. 首句完整, 主题明确;
4. 结构清晰, 层次分明;
5. 考查语境, 侧重辨析;
6. 实词为主, 虚词为辅;
7. 逻辑推理, 隐于语篇;
8. 常识语法, 每年出现。
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四大要素
词汇
逻辑
语法
常识
一个主题
+ 语境
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完形填空解题步骤
通览------试填-----复核
1 通览----速度全文,把握大意
快速阅读一下全文,通过通览全文、领会大意,概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。
2 试填----紧扣文意,瞻前顾后
先易后难,逐层深入。紧扣全文内容,联系上下文和语境,展开逻辑推理,注意从上下文中寻找线索,注意词汇的意义、搭配,惯用法,语法,常识等多个角度进行综合考虑。
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3 复核----全面检查,确保语意连贯,用词准确
试填后,要把全文再通读一遍,注意看所选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。
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考生易失分之处:
一、忽视行文逻辑,断章取义,
就题论题。
二、脱离语境,滥用固定搭配。
三、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解
中西文化的差异。
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、段与段之间的起承转合,把握事件
发生、发展的顺序和内在联系及文章中的连接词准
确判断逻辑关系。这类题主要考查考生对上下文逻
辑关系的理解,如平行关系、转折关系、让步关系、
因果关系、递进关系、增补关系、比较关系以及对
比关系等。
一、行文逻辑
,找到对选择有
提示作用的词和句。这些词可能是原词、同根词、
同义词、近义词、反义词或概括词的复现。
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1). When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship……
The last hurdle(障碍) was the final. No matter what 48 I got, it wouldn’t cancel three C-pluses. I might as well kiss the 49 goodbye.
…
I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A-plus. It was the only A-plus given. The next year I received my scholarship. I’ve always remembered Professor Jayne’s lesson : you alone must set your own standard of excellence. (2008·北京卷)
48. A. grade B. answer C. lesson D. comment
49. A. scholarship B. course C. degree D. subject
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2) (2005NMET)My sister and I grew up in a little village in father was a struggling 36 , but I always knew he was 37 .
36. A. biologist B. manager
C. lawyer D. gardener
37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned
… he never criticized us ,but used 38 (praise)
to bring out our best …father said: “when I was 23, my dad persuaded me to go into law”.
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1). … Then I had to walk several blocks in
the increasingly heavy rain .When I finally
got to my office, I was 47 through, exhaust-
-ed and 48 . ( 2008·山东卷)
47). A. wet B. weak
C. sick D. hurt
48). A. ashamed B. discouraged
C. surprised D. puzzled
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