该【语言学导论术语解释英文版 】是由【niupai21】上传分享，文档一共【1】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【语言学导论术语解释英文版 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。Antonymy:theoppositenessofmeaningbetweenlexemesAffix:Affixesareoftwotypes:,whilederivationalaffixesareaddedtoanexistingformtocreateaword.
Arbitrariness:adesignfeatureoflanguagewhichreferstothefactthatthereisnologicalconnectionbetweenthesignifierandthesignifiedofasign.
Appliedlinguistics:theapplicationoflinguisticprinciplesandtheoriestolanguageteachingandlearning,,itreferstotheapplicationoflinguisticfindingstothesolutionofpracticalproblemssuchastherecoveryofspeechability.
Allophone:Thedifferentphoneswhichcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironmentsarecalledtheallophonesofthatphoneme.
Aproposition:whatisexpressedbyadeclarativesentencewhenthatsentenceisutteredtomakeastatement
Aspeechcommunity:acommunitythemembersofwhichhaveorbelievetheyhaveatleastonecommonvarietyoflanguageAnutterance:apieceoflanguageactuallyusedinaparticularcontext
Ananalyticproposition:onewhosegrammaticalformandlexicalmeaningmakeitnecessarilytrue,withoutreferencetoexternalcriteria
Auditoryphonetics:Itstudiesthespeechsoundsfromthehearer'::theprocesswhereawordorphraserefersbacktoanotherwordorphrasewhichwasusedearlierinatextorconversation
Binarycutting:thepracticetocutagrammaticalconstructionintotwopartsandthencuteachofthetwopartsintotwoandcontinuewiththissegmentationuntilwereachthesmallestgrammaticalunit,themorpheme
Blending:wordformedbycombiningpartsofotherwordsBilingualism:thesituationwhereatleasttwolanguagesareusedsidebysidebyanindividualorbyagroupofspeakers,witheachhavingadifferentroletoplay
Boundmorpheme:Boundmorphemesarethemorphemeswhichcannotbeusedindepen-dentlybuthavetobecombinedwithothermorphemes,eitherfreeorbound,toformaword.
Cognitivestyle:anindividual'spreferredwayofmentallyprocessing(perceiving,conceptualizing,organizing,andrecalling,etc.)'individualpreferencesorneedsfordifferentlearningconditions,whicharecalledlearningstyles.
Constatives:sentenceswhichdescribeorstatesomething;theyareeithertrueorfalse
Compounds:thewordsthatareproducedbystringingtogetherwords
Constituent:anylinguisticformorgroupoflinguisticformsthatappearsatthebottomofoneofthelinesinthetreediagramofthesyntacticanalysis
Complementarydistribution:thephenomenathatallophonesoccurindifferentphoneticenvironments
Creole:alanguageformedwhenapidginhasbecometheprimarylanguageofaspeechcommunity
Culturaltransmission:thefactthatthedetailsofthelinguisticsystemmustbelearnedanewbyeachspeaker
Connotation:theadditionalmeaningsthatawordorphrasehasbeyonditscentralmeaning
Conversationalimplicature:akindofextrameaningthatisnotliterallycontainedintheutterancebutisderivedfromobservingorfloutingthemaximsofCP
Derivation:themorphologicalprocessinwhichaffixesareaddedtothestem
Diachroniclinguistics:thestudyofthelanguagedevelopmentorchangeovertime
Distinctivefeatures:thefeaturesthataphonemehasandthatdistinguishitfromotherphonemes
Designfeatures:theframeworkproposedbyHockett,whichdiscussesthedefiningpropertiesofhumanlanguageasagainstanimalcommunication
Derivationalmorphemes:theboundmorphemeswhichareconjoinedtoothermorphemes(orwords)toderiveorformanewword
Deixis:aparticularwayinwhichtheinterpretationofcertainlinguisticexpressionsisdependentonthecontexttheyareproducedorinterpreted
Diglossia:asociolinguisticsituationwheretwovarietiesofalanguageexistsidebysidethroughoutthecommunity,witheachhavingadefiniteroletoplay
Displacement:thephenomenonthathumanlanguagecancopewithanysubjectwhatever,anditdoesnotmatterhowfarawaythetopicofconversationisintimeandspace
Dualityofstructure:languageisasystem,whichconsistsoftwosetsofstructure,ortwolevels,oneofsoundsandtheotherofmeanings.
Endocentricconstruction:onewhosedistributionisfunctionallyequivalent,orapproachingequivalence,tooneofitsconstituents
Freemorphemes:themorphemeswhichcanconstitutewordsbythemselves
Homonymy:thecasethattwo,ormoremeaningsmaybeassociatedwiththesamelinguisticform
InternationalPhoneticAlphabet:astandardizedandinternationallyacceptedsystemofphonetictranscription.
Languageinterference:theuseofelementsfromonelanguagewhilespeakinganother.
Lexicology:thestudyofthevocabularyitemsofalanguage,includingtheirmeaningsandrelations,theirclassificationandcollocation,andchangesintheirformandmeaningthroughtime
Logicalsemantics:thestudyofthemeaningofasentenceintermsofitstruthconditions
Morphology:Morphologyisabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed.
Morpheme:Itisthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.
Performatives:sentencesthatdonotdescribethingsandcannotbesaidtobetrueorfalse
Presupposition:thekindofmeaningwhichthespeakerdoesn'tassertbutassumesthehearercanidentifyfromthesentencePsycholinguistics:thestudyoftherelationshipbetweenlanguageandmind.
Registers:thetypeoflanguagewhichisselectedasappropriatetoatypeofsituation
Regionaldialect:linguisticvarietiesusedbypeoplelivingindifferentregions.
Registers:varietiesoflanguagethatarerelatedtouse
Reference:theconcreteentitiesthathavethepropertiesdenotedbywordsorphrases
Semanticfeature:thebasicunitofmeaninginaword
Sociolect:thelinguisticvarietyusedbypeoplebelongingtoaparticularsocialclass
Sequentialrules:theruleswhichgovernthecombinationofsoundsinaparticularlanguage.
Selectionalrestrictions:therestrictionsonthetypeofnounthatcanbeselectedwitheachverb
Semanticanomaly:thecasethatoneoftheargumentsorthepredicateofthemainpredicationisself-contradictoryStandarddialect:aparticularvarietyofalanguage,notrelatedtoanyparticulargroupoflanguageusers
Syntax:Thestudyofhowmorphemesandwordsarecombinedtoformsentencesiscalledsyntax.
Thechainrelation:therelationholdingbetweenoneitemandothersinalinearsequence,orbetweenelementswhichareallpresent
Thechoicerelation:arelationholdingbetweenelementsreplaceablewitheachotherataparticularplaceinastructureThesyntagmaticrelation:theonebetweenoneitemandothersinalinearsequence,orbetweenelementswhichareallpresent
TheWhorf-Sapirhypothesis:thesuggestionthatdifferentlanguagescarvetheworldupindifferentways,andthatasaresulttheirspeakersthinkaboutitdifferently
Ultimateconstituent:thesmallestgrammaticalunitobtainedthroughbinarysegmentation
Utterancemeaning:somethingconveyedbyasentenceinacontextotherthanitsliteralmeaning
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