微生物的新陈代谢.pptx

该【微生物的新陈代谢 】是由【niuwk】上传分享，文档一共【94】页，该文档可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【微生物的新陈代谢 】的内容，可以使用淘豆网的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的文档，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此文档到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。Metabolisminallcellsisdividedintocatabolic(thosepathwaysinvolvedinbreakdownoforganicmoleculesforenergyandtheproductionofsmallcompoundsthatmaybeusedforsynthesis)andanabolic(pathwaysinvolvedinsynthesis)processes.
Inallorganismsthesepathwaysarebalancedastheenergyrequiredforanabolicprocessesisproducedbycatabolicpathways.
Inmammaliancells,energyproductionhasbeenmaximizedbytheuseofoxygenandthusthecellisusuallywellsuppliedwithenergy;however,inmicrobesthisisnotalwaysthecase.
catabolicandanabolicmetabolism
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:
(thesearealsocalledchemo-organotrophs化能有机营养型);

.
Carbon(碳素)forcellsynthesisisobtainedfromorganicmolecules;however,somemicrobes,includingthephototrophs,fixCO2.
Microbialmetabolictypes
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Catabolism
Metabolism
anabolism
①
complexmoleculesimplemolecules+ATP+[H]*
(Organicmaterial)②
*[H]standsforreducingpower(还原力)
①catabolismenzymecomplex(分解代谢酶系)②anabolismenzymecomplex(合成代谢酶系)
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organicmaterial
Primaryenergysources(最初能源)rayirradiation(light)
Chemoheterotrophsreducedinorganicmaterial
Phototrophs
chemoautotrophs
universalenergysource(通用能源)——ATP
Energymetabolism
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SectionA
Heterotrophicpathways
Biologicaloxidationisreferredtoasalltheenergy-producingoxidativereactionsinthelivingorganism.
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Definition:Aseriesofenergy-producingoxidativereactionsoccursinthelivingcellsarecalledbiologicaloxidation.
Theprocessofbiologicaloxidation(生物氧化的过程)
(脱氢)
(递氢)
(受氢)
Biologicaloxidation(生物氧化)
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Functionofbiologicaloxidation(生物氧化的功能)
Produceenergy(产能)
Producereducingpower[H](产还原力)
Smallintermediatemetabolites(产小分子中间代谢物)
Typesofbiologicaloxidation:
(好氧呼吸)
(厌氧呼吸)
(发酵)
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Pathwaysofremovingofhydrogen:(inthecaseofGlucose)
EMP(glycosis)
HMP(pentosephosphatepathwayorWD)
ED(KDPG)
TCAcycle(citricacidcycle)
Removing
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remove
transfer
receive
(ororganicorinorganicoxide)
(organicorinorganicdeoxide)
Fourpathwaysof[H]
removingfromsubstrate
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Mostmicrobesutilizetheglycolytic(糖酵解),whichcanbefurthermetabolizedviathecitricacidcycle,formingadenosine5’-triphosphate(ATP)andthereducedformofnicotinamideadeninedinucleotide(烟酰胺腺嘌呤核苷酸NADH+H+.)Thispathwayislocatedinthecytoplasmofmicrobesandcanfunctioninthepresenceorabsenceofoxygen.
Keynotes(2)
Glycolysis(EMPpathway)
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