爱伦·坡(1809-1849).pptx

爱伦·坡(1809-1849)
“美国出了两个伟大的作家——埃德加·爱伦·坡和马克·吐温。”
——萧伯纳
1. 理论文章:《创作哲学》、《诗歌原理》
“为诗而诗”:“单纯为诗而写诗……天下没有,也不可能有比这样的一首诗——这一首诗本身——更加是彻底尊贵的、极端高尚的作品,这首诗就是一首诗,此外再没有什么别的了——这首诗完全是为诗而写的。”文学既不是客观现实的反映,也不是作家内心感受的抒发,而是一种“纯艺术”
诗歌之美: 诗应以“美”为目标,严格遵守格律。“诗是美的有节奏的创造”,强调音乐性、整体统一性,为了创造某种“预定的气氛”而给人以美的享受。
诗歌题材:美人之死

2. 诗歌
长诗《乌鸦》(1845):诗人悲叹去世的爱人,流露出一种绝望的心理。他的诗作中大都出现一些古怪、奇特、病态的形象,表现忧郁的情绪;常用象征、暗示的手法,一唱三叹,反复的节奏富有音乐性。
对法国象征派诗歌的影响非常大,波德莱尔最早把它介绍到欧洲。
《安娜贝尔·李》
ANNABEL LEE
It was many and many a year ago,  In a kingdom by the sea,That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of ANNABEL LEE;
And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me.
She was a child and I was a child, In this kingdom by the sea;
But we loved with a love that was more than love I and my ANNABEL LEE;
With a love that the winged seraphs of heaven
Coveted her and me.
And this was the reason that, long ago, In this kingdom by the sea,A wind blew out of a cloud ,chilling
My beautiful ANNABEL LEE;So that her highborn kinsman came  And bore her away from me,To shut her up in a sepulchre  In this kingdom by the sea.
 
The angels ,not half so happy in the heaven, Went envying her and me—Yes!—That was the reason(as all men know,
in this kingdom by the sea)That the wind came out of the cloud by night,Chilling and killing my ANNABEL LEE.
But our love it was stronger by far than the love Of those who were older than we
Of many far wiser than weAnd neither the angels in heaven above, Nor the demons down under the sea, Can ever dissever my soul from the soul Of the beautiful ANNABEL LEE. For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams Of the beautiful ANNABEL LEE; And the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes Of the beautiful ANNABEL LEE; And so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side Of my darling- my darling- my life and my bride, In her sepulchre there by the sea, In her tomb by the side of the sea.
ANNABEL LEE <Edgar Allan Poe>
安娜贝尔·李