计算机专业英语》.ppt

Computer English
Chapter 1 The History and Future puters
computerlike a. 计算机似的 electromechanical a. 机电的, 电机的
vacuum tubes 真空管 Census Bureau 人口普查局
The Invention of puter
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator puter)
EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage puter)
BINAC (Binary puter)
UNIVAC (Universal puter)
EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable puter)
It is hard to say exactly when the puter was invented. Starting in the 1930s and through the 1940s, a number of machines were developed that were puters. But most of these machines did not have all the characteristics that we associate puters today. These characteristics are that the machine is electronic, that it has a stored program, and that it is general purpose.
很难确切地说现代计算机是什么时候发明的。从20世纪30年代到40年代,制造了许多类似计算机的机器。但是这些机器大部分没有今天我们所说的计算机的所有特征。这些特性是:机器是电子的,具有储存的程序, 而且是通用的。
The Invention of puter
The Invention of puter
One of the puterlike devices was developed in Germany by Konrad Zuse in 1941. Called the Z3, it was general-purpose, stored-program machine with many electronic parts, but it had a mechanical memory. Another puting machine was developed by Howard Aiken, with financial assistance from IBM, at Harvard University in 1943. It was called the Automatic Sequence Control Calculator Mark I, or simply the Harvard Mark I. Neither of these machines was a puter, however, because they were not entirely electronic.
第一个类似计算机的装置之一是1941年由德国的Konrad Zuse研制的,叫做Z3,它是通用型储存程序机器,具有许多电子部件,但是它的存储器是机械的。。它被称为自动序列控制计算器Mark I,或简称哈佛Mark I。然而,这些机器都不是真正的计算机,因为它们不是完全电子化的。
The ENIAC
Perhaps the most influential of the puterlike devices was the Electronic Numerical Integrator puter, or ENIAC. It was developed by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly at the University of Pennsylvania. The project began in 1943 and pleted in 1946. The machine was huge; it weighed 30 tons and contained over 18,000 vacuum tubes.
也许早期最具影响力的类似计算机的装置应该是电子数字积分计算机,或简称ENIAC。它是由宾夕凡尼亚大学的J. Presper Eckert 和John Mauch