初高中英语衔接课.doc

初高中英语衔接课
一. 句子成分
二. 英语基本句型
句子包括哪些成分?
现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(verb)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) plement)。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
:,代词,不定式,.
The girl is pretty.
Reading is useful.
To see is to believe.
They are good friends.
谓语:谓语说明主语做什么,是什么,怎么样,由简单动词或者动词短语构成.
They are teachers.
She looks well.
He studies hard.
He laughed at his classmates.
He can speak English.
2. 表语表语说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,短语,.
I am a teacher.
She is happy.
Everybody is here.
They are at home now.
My job is to teach English.
Seeing is believing.
3. 宾语宾语是动作,行为的对象,由名词,代词,短语,不定式,动名词,,在谓语之后.
She plays the piano.
He often helps me.
I like watching TV.
She likes to go to shop this afternoon.
I think that he is good guy.
,有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,,怎么样的作用.
它可以由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,现在分词和过去分词充当.
If you let me go, I’ll make you king.
Leave the door open.
We found John out when we arrived.
Make yourself at home.
I saw him enter the hall.
The boss keeps them working all day.
I heard my name called.
5. 状语状语用来修饰动,,地点,目的,方式,,介词短语,不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当,也可由从句来充当.
He did it carefully.
Without his help, we couldn’t work it out.
I