英语基础知识1.ppt

单词书写
各字母要紧贴;
各字母要匀称;
①人名要大写:英文人名开头一个大写,中国人名姓、名分别大写,即两个大写;
②地名开头大写;
③国名开头大写;
④数词后置式的词组Class ,Grade , Picture ,单词开头要大写;
⑤缩写词一般要大写;
⑥ I永远大写。
各字母斜度一致。
形容词性物主代词
人称
单数
复数
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
第一人称
my
mine
our
ours
第二人称
your
yours
your
yours
第三人称
his
his
their
theirs
her
hers
its
its
Be动词的用法
Be动词用法口诀:我用am,你用are,
Is连着他,她,它;
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are,变否定,更容易,(be)后加not就可以,变问句,往前提,句末问号莫忘记。疑问否定任你变,举手大卸磨迟疑。
I’m=I am I’m not=I am not
you’re=you are you’re not=you are not
They’re=they are they’re not=they are not
He’s=he is he isn’t=he is not
She’s=she is she isn’t=she is not
It’s=it is it isn’t=it is not
名词单数变复数
规则变化:名词单数变复数,一般加-s没有错。
词尾s, x, sh, ch,o直接加上-es。
f, fe为结尾,加-s之前要变ve。
"辅音字母+y"来结尾,y变i再加-es没问题。
部分词尾字母若是o,加-es有tomato和potato。
不规则变化:不规则变化要特别记,oo常常变ee, foot -feet;男人、女人a改e, man→men; 特殊child→children等。
不可数名词的复数使用原型。如:water, juice, soup, bread, rice, meat, cheese, fish, sheep…
o、s、x、ch、sh结尾的加es
potato--photoes bus—buses class—classes glass—glasses sunglass—sunglasses dress—dresses
box—boxes fox—foxes
dish—dishes
bench—benches branch—branches sandwich--sandwiches brush—brushes watch--- watches
辅音字母+y结尾,变为ies
family—families baby—babies
body—bodies aviary—aviaries
fly—flies library--libraries butterfly--butterflies country—countries
Birthday--birthdays
f、fe结尾,去f、fe,变为ies
shelf—shelves leaf—leaves
wolf—wolves knife—knives
scarf---scarves
特殊情况 child—children mouse—mice
foot—feet tooth—teeth sheep—sheep people—people fish—fish(表示数量)
man—men pliceman—policemen
不可数名词无复数形式
milk tea water juice coffee
soup rice bread jam honey
butter flour glue paper sugar
salt hair ice tape money corn
hay grass rain typhoon thunder
homework time rubbish ink snow
wind chicken cabbage fish
many—much
some—any
how many—how much
nice—beautiful
同义词
pear—pair right—write
see—sea aren’t—aunt
who’s—whose for—four
to—two—too know—no
where—wear hear—here
there—their by—buy—bye
flour--flower
同音词