形容词的比较等级
英语形容词比较等级通常有3个:即原级、比较级和最高级。
构成法( 规则变化) 原级比较级最高级 一般单音节词末尾加- er, - est tall taller tallest great greater greatest 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和 nice nicer nicest 少数以-le 结尾的双音节词只加-r, -st large larger largest able abler ablest 以“一元+一辅”结尾的闭音节单音节词, big bigger biggest 双写结尾的辅音字母,再加- er, -est hot hotter hottest 以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的双音节词, easy easier easiest 改y为i , 再加- er, -est busy busier busiest 少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词 clever cleverer cleverest 末尾加- er, -est narrow narrower narrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词, easily more easily most easily 在前面加more, most difficult more most difficult difficult
Notes: ●形容词比较等级所加的-er和-est,读作[ə] [ist]. . tall [tɔ:l] taller [tɔ:lə] tallest [tɔ:list] ●如果形容词原级的词末为不发音的字母r,加-er和-est时,r要发[r]音. . near [niə] nearer [niərə] nearest [niərist] ●如果形容词原级词末的发音为[ŋ],加-er和-est时, [ŋ]音后要加一个[g]音. . long [lɔŋ] longer [lɔŋgə] longest [lɔŋgist] ●有些形容词通常没有比较等级,如right, wrong, woolen, wooden等. ●有些形容词的比较级和最高级可采用在词尾加-er和-est的形式,也可采用在单词前加more和most的形式,这类形容词有:clear, common, free, handsome, lively, often, pleasant, polite, pretty, quiet, solid, stupid, timid.
不规则变化 原级比较级最高级原级比较级最高级 good better best many more most well much bad worse worst far farther farthest ill further furthest old older oldest late later latest elder eldest latter last little less least
运用 ⑴★as+形容词原级+as “与…一样” Rick is as tall as Tom. There are as many students in our class as in yours. He earns as much money as his father does. ⑵否定形式:not so/as+形容词原级+as Rick is not so/as tall as Nick. ★Come as soon as possible. ⑶有些as…as 结构是现成说法,如as well as, as much as, as far as, as long as, as soon as等.
⑷★比较级+and+比较级“越来越…” Things are getting better and better every day. John is ing more and more active in sports. 约翰越来越积极参加体育运动了。 ⑸★the+比较级+the+比较级“越…就越….” The more haste, the less speed. 欲速则不达。 The more I study it, the more I like it. ⑹如果两者之间表示“最…”时,要在比较级前加the,如 John is the cleverer of the two boys. The book is the thinner of the two.
⑺★英语里的比较级有时并无具体的比较含义。 younger generation 青年一代 higher education 高等教育
⑴★the
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