全部倒装与部分倒装.doc

英语句子的全部倒装与部分倒装
一、全部倒装
全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。全部倒装的句子通常只用一般现在时和过去时。
1、 Here,There,Now,Then等副词放在句首时,句子要全部倒装,e,go,be,lie,run等。例如:
① es the bus!
② es your turn.
2、表示方位的副词或介词短语置于句首时,句子要全部倒装,e,go等表示运动的动词。
① The door opened and in came the headmaster.
② Up and up went the prices.
③ High flew the plane.
注意:
①上述全部倒装句中主语如为人称代词,应放在动词前面。
es .
Here es.
②有时为了句子的平衡或强调,将表语置于句首,也属于全部倒装。
例如:Gone are the days when we used the foreign oil.
二、部分倒装
部分倒装是指将谓语动词的一部分如助动或情态动词置于主语之前。
1、否定副词如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,以及含有no,not的短语放在句首时,句子要部分倒装。
① Never in my life have I heard such a thing.
② Little did we expect that he e.
③ Not a single word did he say at the meeting.
④ By no means should we like this.
注意:如上述句子中的否定副词不置于句首时,句子结构不倒装。
2、以否定词开头的关联结构
注意: No sooner…than…,Hardly/scarcely…when…,Not only…but also,Not until…
① Not until late in the evening did e back.
② Hardly had he got on the bus when he heard a shout.
③ Not only did he buy a bike for me but he also sent it to my house.
注意:No sooner…than…;hardly…when;not only…but also这类句型,只将前半部分倒装,后半部分用正常语序。
3、当only置于句首修饰状语时,句子要部分倒装。
① Only in this way can we learn English well.
② Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed.
4、 so,neither,nor在句首表示“也”或“也不”句子要部分倒装。
① Tom is very kind. So am I.
② I like English. So does Jack.
③ I can’t speak English. Nor/Neither can he.
注意:so 后主、谓语不倒装表示对前面所述内容的肯定、确定。