汝州一高.ppt.ppt

Agreement
汝州一高
姜建砺
学习主谓一致所应注意的原则
英语中,主语的单复数形式决定着谓语动词的单复数形式。主谓一致需遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。
一、并列结构做主语时的主谓一致
A young man and a girl want to go there.
The singer and the writer are famous to many young people.
由and连接的两个单数名词做主语时,谓动一般用复数。
但如果意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓动要用单数。
The singer and writer is famous to everyone.
A pen and book is what I need.
A needle(针)and thread(线)was found on the floor.
…and each…,every…and every…,no…and no…,many a…and many a….等结构做,谓语动词用单数形式。
① No man and no animal is to be found on the moon.
在月球上没有发现人和动物。
② Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.
许多医生和护士都在忙于他们的工作。
3. 一个单数名词同时被两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓动应用复数。
Ancient(古代)and modern history are the subjects we are studying.
但如果表示的是同一概念时,谓动应用单数。
The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14.
4. 由not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…,…or…等连接的并列主语,谓动通常依据就近原则。
Either you or I am mad.
Neither I or you have passed the exam.
as well as, along with, together with, rather than, no less than, but, except, in addition to, like, including 等词连接时,其谓动的单复数形式通常由这些词语前的名词来决定。
① An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, is to be built here.
② The professor, together with many of his students, is entering the meeting hall.
二、百分数、分数做主语时的主谓一致
当百分数、分数后加名词或代词时,要根据这个名词或代词来确定其谓动的单复数形式。
三、不定代词做主语时的主谓一致
each, another, the other, either, neither 和由some, any, no, every + one/thing/body 所构成的复合代词做主语时,谓动用单数形式。
① Neither of us has gone through regular training.
② Nobody wants to go there.
③ Something has been done to end the strike.