led照明手册.ppt

Capitalism, Socialism, munism
Industrial revolution spreads….
Rising Economic Powers are all industrial
Each will want access and control over RAW MATERIALS and MARKETS
CAPITALISM
Capitalism is an economic system based on PRIVATE OWNERSHIP and the use of CAPITAL
Growth of towns and cities and the expansion of trade in the late Middle Ages sparked this economic development
Three Main Features to learn:
CAPITALISM
1. Private Ownership
2. Profit motive
3. Market Economy
CAPITALISM
1. Private Ownership: Capital belongs to individuals who are FREE to do what they wish with it. For this reason, capitalism is also called the “free-enterprise” system
CAPITALISM
2. Profit Motive: based on the economic laws of supply and demand, when enough people want something, producers make it because they want a PROFIT
CAPITALISM
3. Market Economy: a money value can be placed on everything in the marketplace: land, goods, time, and labor. Buyers and sellers are free to exchange goods and services at prices determined by…“SUPPLY and DEMAND”
Basic Laws of Supply and Demand
DEMAND = “More of a good will be demanded the lower its price. Less of a good will be demanded the higher its price”
Example 1: Diamonds are expensive because they are rare. (Women do not want cut quartz in their rings!)
Example 2: When calculators first came out, they were over $600. Now you can get them in cereal boxes!
Basic Laws of Supply and Demand
SUPPLY: “More of a good will be supplied the higher its price. Less of a good will be supplied the lower its price”.
EX: If a person can get 300% profit on selling M&Ms, more people will start supplying M&Ms to get the profit. But it won’t last long…because more people selling the same product means more product to sell….demand drops and the es down….
Role of “PRICE” in relation to the laws of supply and demand:
“When the quantity DEMANDED is GREATER than the quantity SUPPLIED, prices tend to…. “GO UP/INCREASE”. (WHY?)
“When the quantity SUPPLIED is gre