浅谈美国新闻报道中关于战争的委婉语的背景.doc

浅谈美国新闻报道中关于战争的委婉语的背景


中文摘要: 新闻报道中的语言,必须符合新闻准确描述现实世界发生的事情的要求,但又随着其载体即新闻机构所处的社会环境而有其需要调适的需求。委婉语是人类认知与现实世界调适下的产物。本文先对委婉语的定义做了说明,同时对涌现于新闻中的战争委婉语做了描述。重点从政治需要和文化内涵两方面阐述了委婉语产生的背景及其影响。从政治需要这个角度看,冷战后,美国的外交政策是建立世界新秩序为其服务,对所有威胁到美国利益的国家进行了军事侵略和打击,他们利用战争委婉语试图淡化其侵略色彩,淡化战争给人们带来的恐惧。从文化内涵角度看,美国人个人主义价值观是唯我独重,在对外战争的价值观上他们把个人利益转化为国家利益,使得战争委婉语“敢”以积极的姿态摆在人们面前;另一方面,美等取向,包含着解放全人类的理想,从而也能解释为什么其战争委婉语在形态上总打着正义的旗号。最后本文分析了美国战争委婉语的实质,即为他们不可告人的行为做掩护。
关键词:战争委婉语;政治需要;个人主义;平等取向;实质
Abstract: The news language is required to show what exactly happens in the real world. However, as the news institution lies in a certain society environment, it must be accordingly adjusted. Euphemism is the result of the adjustment of human cognition and the real world. This essay firstly explains the euphemism concept and displays the war euphemism in news reports. Emphasis is put on the war euphemism’s background and its effects from two aspects, political needs and cultural connotation. On political aspect, it represents the . international policy of setting up a new world order in the world for the country’s benefit after Cold War. As a result, they attack and rob other countries that want to break the order under the cover of war euphemism, and try to relieve the fear of war disaster in people’s heart. Cultural connotation tells that Americans pursuit egoism, so they transform thei