2024届河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学高三上学期一模英语试题.docx

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一、阅读理解
The Best Podcasts for Everyone
A podcast is a sound file similar to a radio broadcast, which can be downloaded and listened to on a computer or iPod. You can find a podcast about almost anything these days, but you might need a helping hand to find the podcasts worthy of your ear. Our expertly chosen list will entertain and educate you, whether you’re doing the dishes, working out, or relaxing in the bath.
1. Revisionist History
In this mix of strange stories, Malcolm Gladwell, a famous writer, handles misunderstood events and rarely discussed ideas, covering subjects like Toyota’s car recall and even the firebombing of Tokyo at the end of World War II. Gladwell freely mixes research and opinion and enjoys challenging conventional views, but every episode serves up facts and stories you have likely never heard before.
2. The Read
Kid Fury and Crissle West, famous comedians, review the latest pop culture news and offer their opinions on everything. Funny and challenging, these conversations run for a couple of hours, covering recent events and frequently touching on social justice, mental health and race.
3. Forever35
Forever35 started as a physical self-care podcast but expanded to discuss mental health, relationships, and any other topic that appeals to writers Doree Shafrir and Kate Spencer. They go from chatting about skin creams to seasonal emotional disorder—but always in a fun, inclusive, and down-to-earth way.
4. Hidden Brain
An absorbing deep dive into human behavior related to brains with the help of scientists, Hidden Brain is packed with informative messages. The host, National Public Radio’s accomplished science journalist Shankar Vedantam, makes complex ideas accessible.
5. The Infinite Monkey Cage
This show, hosted by physicist Brian Cox and comedian Robin Ince, raises questions like “Does time exist?”—which are then debated by a diverse panel of three guests, usually a mix of experts and entertainers. Definite answers are in short supply, but it’s always accessible, enthusiastic, and makes audience think deeply.
Special offer for readers: Get a 1-year subscription to WIRED for $5 ($25 off). This includes unlimited access to WIRED．com. If you buy something using links in our stories, this helps support our work.
1．What is this text?
A．A book review.
B．A course plan.
C．An academic article.
D．An online advertisement.
2．How many podcasts are associated with natural science?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
3．Which podcast interests listeners who want to stay young and healthy?
A．The Read.
B．Forever35.
C．Hidden Brain.
D．The Infinite Monkey Cage.
The latest data shows the population of wild Asian elephants in southwest China’s Yunnan Province has increased from around 150 to more than 300 from the 1980s to the end of 2021, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
With the growth in the elephant population, conflicts between humans and elephants have become frequent. In order to fundamentally and peacefully solve the issue and protect the elephant’s habitat at the same time, construction of the Asian elephant National Park is picking up speed. Experts suggest that national parks are not meant to be entirely free of people. Instead, they should offer a method for coexistence.
Asian elephants play an important role as engineers of the rainforest, said the expert. Their migration(迁徙) can speed up the replacement of forest ecosystems along the way. Elephant waste remains not only a delicacy for insects, but also attracts insectivorous birds, allowing plant seeds to spread. Therefore, protecting the elephants and their habitats guarantees the shelter to other wildlife in forest ecosystems.
To cope with human-elephant conflicts, Yunnan took the lead in introducing a commercial insurance model into its compensation(补偿) system: local residents will be paid with the amount of money for the crops destroyed by the elephants by the insurance company. In the past 10 years, Yunnan has paid a total of 173 million yuan for losses caused by Asian elephants.
“The standard of compensation is constantly being adjusted, and the amount of insurance coverage for compensation is also increasing,” said Yang Hua from the Forestry and Grass Bureau of Yunnan Province. “At present, the insured amount in Pu’er City and Xishuangbanna Prefecture alone has already gone beyond 50 million.”
4．Why does the author mention the growing population of wild Asian elephants?
A．To promote a better environment.
B．To introduce a possible crisis.
C．To applaud the efforts of the government.
D．To stress the importance of the elephants.
5．What does the underlined word “insectivorous” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Feeding on insects. B．Driving away insects.
C．Letting go of insects. D．Keeping track of insects.
6．What has been done to tackle conflicts between elephants and humans?
A．Construction of undisturbed national parks.
B．Support of Asian elephants’ migration.
C．Constant adjustment of insurance policies.
D．Guarantee of the shelter to other wildlife.
7．What might be the best title?
A．Asian elephants, engineers of the rainforest
B．Insurance adjusted, compensation increased
C．Population of wild Asian elephants shoots up in China
D．China explores solutions to achieve human-elephant harmony
Cities are difficult to navigate (导航) at the best of times, but for people with disabilities they can be like courses with hurdles and bring inconvenience to disabled people.
A UK national travel survey found that adults with mobility difficulties took 39% fewer trips than those with no disability in 2017. Yet that could change as devices and cities grow smarter. Assistive tech is playing a big role in the transformation. The global value of the industry is expected to increase from $14 billion in 2015 to $ billion in 2024, according to Zion Market Research.
One of the things that could transform lives is a smart walking stick designed by engineers from Young Guru Academy (YGA) in Turkey. The WeWalk stick has a sensor that detects hurdles above chest level and uses vibrations (振动) to warn the user. It can be paired with a smartphone to help navigation, and is connected with a voice assistant and Google Maps.
Ceylan, who has been blind since birth, says that connecting the stick to the Internet of Things and smart city solutions makes it user-friendly. “As a blind person, when I am at the Metro station I don’t know which is my exit ... I don’t know which bus is approaching ... which stores are around me. That kind of information can be provided with the WeWalk,” he says.
“The smart walking stick is really an exciting initiative that will make a huge difference to some people,” says Anna Lawson, the director of the Center for Disability Studies at Leeds University in the United Kingdom. “But they are very expensive ... they’re not going to be available to the vast majority of disabled people,” she added.
Bryan Matthews, a lecturer at the Institute for Transport Studies at the University of Leeds, shares the concerns about cost. He says there should also be a focus on inclusive design, and anything that helps people navigate their environment is positive.
8．What does “that” in the second paragraph refer to?
A．The survey that compared adults’ mobility.
B．The smart industry that is booming.
C．The fact that the disabled traveled less.
D．The role that the assistive tech plays.
9．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．The working principles of the WeWalk stick.
B．The introduction of the WeWalk stick inventors.
C．The transformation caused by the WeWalk stick.
D．The benefits brought about by the WeWalk stick.
10．What’s the purpose of quoting Ceylan?
A．To show the value of smart tech.
B．To urge more attention to the blind.
C．To increase the potential market share.
D．To encourage tech research and development.
11．What is the disadvantage of the WeWalk stick?
A．Confusing instructions. B．Poor navigation.
C．Inclusive designs. D．High prices.
The measure of a good night’s sleep is usually based on two things—the amount of time spent sleeping and the quality of that sleep. But now researchers say there is a third thing that matters even more than the other two when it comes to keeping good sleep habits, and that is having a regular bedtime.
A study has found that going to sleep and waking up at the same time every day have an important effect on one’s health. Adults who stick to a regular bedtime tend to weigh less, have lower blood sugar and reduced risk of heart disease.
The researchers studied the sleeping habits of 2,000 adults with an average age of 69. They found that people with greater irregularity (无规律) in their sleep patterns tended to go to sleep later at night, feel sleepy and sleep more during the day, and experienced reduced light exposure. These people were also more likely to be stressed. Among the three kinds of sleep problems, sleep regularity was the most strongly associated with health.
Of course, there are many people for whom this may be impossible, such as night-shift workers or those with late-night duty. But for those who don’t have mandatory (强制的) reasons to stay up late, they should make an effort to go to bed at the same time every night. Skip the late afternoon coffee. Get off the phone. Try this calculator to figure out the best bedtime.
As Matthew Walker, a scientist, wrote, “The shorter your sleep, the shorter your life.” Surely that’s reasonable enough to go to bed on time.
12．What can we infer from the research?
A．People feel more stressed when they grow older. B．The old often have less sleep.
C．Adults enjoy sleeping late. D．Regular bedtime does good to our health.
13．Which of the following influences health most?
A．Reduced light exposure. B．Sleep regularity.
C．Sleeping during the day. D．Sleeping later at night.
14．According to the author, those who don’t have to stay up late should ______.
A．Avoid the late-night duty. B．Skip the late-night coffee.
C．Get off the phone while working. D．Try to sleep at the same time each night.
15．What’s the best title for the text?
A．The Importance of Sleep B．Ways to Have a Good Sleep
C．Regular Bedtime for Your Health D．The Suitable Time for Sleep
Around the world, people are realizing the significant problems caused by plastic waste. In the last 65 years, we have become increasingly dependent on plastic. It’s easy to understand why: it’s cheap to produce, light — therefore easy and cheap to transport — and incredibly strong and durable. 16
One popular solution to the problem is to prohibit single use plastics. In the British supermarkets, shoppers are encouraged to make more environmentally-friendly choices in packing and transporting their food. 17 Some governments have even promised to ban the use of single-use plastic altogether by the not-too-distant future.
However, such plans may not be beneficial to eliminate (消除) the use of single-use plastic altogether. 18 This is not just because of its low cost. It’s also because infection and cross-contamination (交叉感染) are minimized. Plastic packaging is also crucial in the food industry. It ensures that food is safe for consumers.
Another issue is that alternative materials to plastic are often more environmentally harmful than plastic. Take paper bags, for example. 19 The process requires cutting trees, the emission of greenhouse gases and the production of poisonous chemical waste. Even more pollution is created when paper bags break down.
Clearly there is a need to reduce plastic waste and its impact on the environment. 20 Industries that rely on single-use plastics for people’s health and safety must be considered. Moreover, alternative materials must be evaluated strictly regarding their own environmental impact.
A．But it’s these advantages that also make it so h