中考英语语法思维导图之定语从句Alex.docx

中考英语定语从句精讲
定语
形容词
介词短语
非谓语动词短语
前置I have a good friend.
后置I want to do something interesting.
后置The boy in white is my friend.
后置I don’t have a house to live in.
修饰名词或代词的成分
常译为“…的”
句子
后置I like students who like English.
定语从句结构图解
定语从句
引导词
特殊情况
注意事项
先行词是人,用who
先行词非人,用which
宾格whom
用that不用which的条件
用which不用that的条件
无引导词:先行词在定从中作宾语,引导词可省略
先行词在定从中作主语,定从谓动单复数由先行词决定
one of+复数名词,作先行词,谓动用复数
the (only) one of, the very/right+复数名词,作先行词,谓动用单数
作定语的句子,即“…的”
可以作名词或代词的定语
万能钥匙that
引导词用that,不用which的条件
①先行词前有最高级修饰;或先行词就是最高级;
②先行词前有序数词修饰;或先行词就是序数词;
③先行词前有the only, the right, the last, just, the same, the very等词修饰;
④先行词是不定代词all, everything, one等词;或先行词前有不定代词修饰时;
⑤先行词中既有人又有物;
⑥主句是which或who引导的特殊疑问句;
⑦There be 句型中
引导词用which,不用 that的条件
①引导词前有介词,如:in which;on which;with whom
②先行词是that, those
不用that的条件
介词后用whom,which,不用that
人
主
who
关系代词
引导词
人
宾
whom
物
主/宾
which
人/物
主/宾
that
人/物
定
whose=of whom人=of which物
时间
状
when=in which/ on which=at which
关系副词
地点
状
where=in which/ at which
原因
状
why=for which
(三年经典)2011-2013全国各地中考英语试题精选:定语从句
【2011广西百色】 policeman caught the thief ______ has stolen Mr. Li’puter.
A. which B. whose C. whom D. who
答案: D
【解析】考查定语从句的引导词,which 用于指事儿;whose“谁的”; whom“谁”是宾格; who“谁”,是主格,先行词指人,关系代词在从句中作主语,所以要用主作格。
(2011桂林)37. The basketball ________ I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan.
A. that B. where C. who D. when
:A
【解析】连词的用法。定语从句的连接词根据先行词来判断,先行词为人时用who或that,,故选A。
【河北省2011】43. The teachers came for a visit are foreigners.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。who 指代人,在从句做主语和宾语;whom指代人,在从句做宾语;whose指代谁的,在从句做定语;which指代物,在从句做主语和宾语。此处修饰先行词是“人”而且在从句中作主语,用who引导。故选A。
【2011•河南省】32. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion_____ you had with your dad yesterday.
what B. which C. when D. who
:考查定语从句。该句的先行词为the discussion,故用which做关系代词,在从句中做宾语。语意:…告诉我你和你父亲讨论的结果。注意:what不是关系词;when做关系副词在从句中做时间状语;who做关系代词时,先行词必须是人。
【2011黑龙江绥化市】()18. This is th