基本语法.doc

虚拟语气
虚拟条件句
1. 与现在、将来或过去事实相反
从句
主句
现在
did
Would + do
将来
did, should/would + do, were + to do
Would/should/could/might + do
过去
had done
Would/should/could/might+have done
If I were you, I would consider their proposal.
How nice it would be, if you could stay a bit longer!
She would e if she hadn’t been so busy.
2. suppose/supposing 相当于what if, 引出虚拟条件句
Suppose I accepted this offer, what would you say?
3. 条件句省略if, 将were, had, should前置
Had e a little earlier, I might have met him.
Were he to leave tomorrow, I would go with him.
4. 错综虚拟条件句
If you had followed my advice, you wouldn’t be in such a terrible situation now.
If you were in good health, we would have allowed you to join them in the work.
5. 含蓄虚拟条件句
常见标识词:but, otherwise, without, in the absence of ,but for
That would have been considered miraculous in the past.
I would have written the paper before, but I have been ill.
In different circumstances, I would have said yes.
在名词性从句中,表示愿望、建议、命令、请求
,其谓语动词为(should)+ 动词原形构成虚拟语气
熟记表建议、请求等反应主观意愿的动词:
suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, desire, insist, advise, beg, decide, deserve, determine, prefer, mend, require, urge, vote, ask, suppose, maintain
I suggest that he set off straight away.
2. 用于主语从句,其谓语动词为(should)+ 动词原形构成虚拟语气
It is desired/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ decided/ arranged/ mended that…
It is strange/ necessary/ incredible/ urgent/ possible/ essential/ advisable/ natural/ important/ preferable/ ridiculous/ vital/ imperative/ crucial/ critical/ best/ better that…
It is a pity/ shame/ must that…
It is necessary that a test of spoken English be included in CET.
3. 用于表语从句、同位语从句,其谓语动词为(should)+ 动词原形构成虚拟语气
Suggestion, idea, plan, proposal, mendation, advice, request, command, demand, order, wish, decision, preference, necessity, requirement, desire
What do you think of the idea that we go out for dinner this evening?
4. wish表强烈主观愿望,其宾语从句通常用虚拟语气
1) 表对将来愿望:could/would do 或were doing
I wish he would