第三章资源虚拟化技术相关.ppt

puting
Autumn, 2011
Chapter 3
Resources Virtualization Technology
Xu Jungang
1
2018/5/7
puting, GUCAS
2
提纲
1. 虚拟化技术的发展历史
2. 虚拟化的定义和特征
3. 为什么要进行虚拟化
4. 虚拟化技术的分类
5. 虚拟化实现技术
6. 虚拟化工具一览
7. Xen简介
History of virtualization
1959年:Christopher Strachey. Time Sharing in Large puters
20世纪60年代: 大型机虚拟化,IBM7044
20世纪80、90年代: ~基本弃用~
1999年:VMware在x86平台上推出了商业虚拟化软件
2002年:开源虚拟化软件Xen
The origin of virtualization
Christopher Strachey
A puter scientist
A pioneer in programming language design
Introduction On Wikipedia
Time sharing
Published a paper titled “Time Sharing in Large puters” in the International Conference on Information Processing at UNESCO, New York, in June, 1959.
Time-sharing is the sharing of puting resource among many users by means of multiprogramming and multi-tasking.
Server virtualization on Mainframe
In the mid 1960s, IBM Watson Research Center was home to the M44/44X Project, the goal being to evaluate the then emerging time sharing system concepts.
The architecture was based on virtual machines
Main machine was an IBM 7044 (M44)
Each virtual machine was an experimental image of the main machine (44X).
The address space of a 44X was resident in the M44's memory hierarchy
Implemented via virtual memory and multi-programming.
Rarely used
Server virtualization has existed for several decades
IBM pioneered more than 40 years ago with the capability to “multitask”
The inception was in specialized, proprietary, high-end server and mainframe systems
By 1980/90, server virtualization adoption initiated a reduction
Inexpensive x86 hardware platforms
Windows/Linux adopted as server OSs
Computing infrastructure – Nearly 2000
1 machine  1 OS  several applications
Applications can affect each other
Big disadvantage: machine utilization is very low, most of the times it is below than 25%
X86
Windows
XP
X86
Windows
2003
X86
Suse
X86
Red Hat
12% Hardware
Utilization
15% Hardware
Utilization
18% Hardware
Utilization
10% Hardware
Utilizati