社会学三农问题论文.doc

摘要
近年来,由于高速公路、西气东输等重点工程建设和工业园区、小城镇开发,怀远县县城周边一些农民失去大量土地。失地现象出现在城镇化和工业化快速推进的时代。我国实行的是农村土地集体所有制,在计划经济时代征地制度的设计者主要考虑的是政府取得建设用的的廉价性和便捷性,到现今我国的征地制度仍然存在缺乏农民参与,补偿标准过低,失地农民的生活没有保障等许诸多问题。由于土地对农民的意义重大,有“最后的保障”的社会功能,所以农民失去土地后的生活就成问题,在征地过程中引发的冲突事件时常发生,关键在于对农民的土地进行征用的过程中没有较好的维护农民的利益,所以建立和完善失地农民的社会保障问题十分重要。同时,当失地农民被安置后,他们今后的生存问题更加急迫,被征收土地的农民在县政府的安置下绝大部分竟如安置小区,在失地的情况下,他们已经不可能从事以前的农业生产,这些新的“市民”如何在新的环境下生存与发展是今后的主要问题。如何把这些特殊群体组成的新的城镇居民社区建设好,都是本文立意的核心,论述的重点。如何让失地农民分享城市化成果,如何保障失地农民的各种权益,如何实现失地农民的再社会化,笔者认为政府公共政策的公平公正,失地农民社会保障制度的建立,以及建立良好的社区模式等都是解决失地农民再社会化重要途径。本文首先通过文献研究法阐述了失地农民问题的国内外研究现状,明确本文的研究背景、研究目的及意义,对失地农民等一系列重要概念进行界定,为本文的进一步研究界定了范围。
关键词:失地农民;社会化;再社会化;社区
Abstract
In recent years, because the highway, West to east gas pipeline and other key projects construction and Industrial Park, development of small town, Huaiyuan County surrounding some farmers losing large amounts of land. Landless peasants in urbanization and industrialization is advanced quickly in the era of. What our country executes is system of ownership of rural land collective, in the times of planned economy, land expropriation system designers the main consideration is the government construction of cheap and convenient, to the current land expropriation system in China is still lack of participation of farmers, pensation standard, the life of lost territory farmer does not have safeguard and many, many problems. Because the land to the farmer is significant," the last safeguard " social function, so the farmers losing land and life problem, in the process of conflict events often occur, is the key to the farmer's land acquisition in the process of no better safeguard the interests of farmers, so that build and perfects lost territory the social security problem of the farmer is very important. At the same time, when the peasants are placed after, their future survival problem is more urgent, the land expropriated farmers in the county government's resettlement of most unexpectedly such as placement cell, in loses