沧州地下水变化影响因素.doc

本科毕业论文
论文题目: 沧州市地下水位变化及影响因素分析
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完成时间: 2012 年 3 月
摘要
环境变化及其对可利用水资源的影响是复杂的,根据50年代以来的大量统计数据分析表明,近30年来,由于自然环境的变化、人类活动的增强,沧州地区可利用水资源量处于减少的态势。降水量减少、气温升高是造成水资源减少的根本原因。地下水超采所引起的地下水位持续下降,不仅造成地表产流减少,而且使降水对地下水的补给量减少。作物产量水平的提高,在直接消耗大量水资源和土壤水分的同时,也使农田蒸散加强,从而造成地表径流量和地下水补给量的减少。在新一轮水资源评价中,要充分考虑环境变化对水资源的影响,以便对水资源的数量作出准确的、符合实际的评价。
本论文主要针对沧州地区地下水位变化问题展开研究的,全文主要通过以下几个方面来阐述:一、首先向读者介绍了沧州地区的地下水位情况概况,着重介绍影响地下水位变化的影响因素;二、从总体介绍了沧州地区工农业生产对地下水位变化的影响,以及地下水利用不合理造成的环境问题;三、对影响地下水位变化的因素进行了分析,综合提出治理地下水变化问题的具体措施。四、为实现沧州市水资源可持续利用,针对存在问题提出解决沧州市水资源问题的对策。
关键字:沧州地区;地下水位;治理措施
Abstract
Environmental change and its influences on available water resources plex, according to since 50, a large number of statistical data analysis indicates that, in the recent 30 years, due to changes in the natural environment, human activity in Cangzhou area increases, the amount of available water resources in decline. The decrease of precipitation, temperature rise is caused by water resources to reduce the fundamental reason. Overexploitation of groundwater caused by the continual lowering of groundwater level, not only caused surface runoff decreased, and the groundwater recharge lessening. Crop yield level, in the direct consume a large amount of water resources and soil moisture at the same time, also make the farmland evapotranspiration strengthened, resulting in surface runoff and groundwater recharge decrease. In the new turn of water resources evaluation, should give full consideration to environmental change and its impact on water resources, water resources quantity in order to make an accurate, consistent with the actual evaluation.
In this paper, mainly for the Cangzhou area of underground water level changes on the topic of the text, mainly through the following aspects: first, introduces the reader to the Cangzhou area groundwater level profiles, focuses on the effects of influencing factors of groundwater variation; two, from the general introduction to the Cangzhou a