中国古代契约制度特点浅探.doc

中国古代契约制度特点浅探
-->摘要
中国古代契约制度是一种具有鲜明的民族文化特色及法律思想理念的制度。在中国古代契约制度论文的发展过程中,中国传统文化思想、社会伦理观念、社会经济制度、宗族制度、封建等级制度等社会因素一直贯穿着其发展历程,影响着中国古代契约制度的走向。
中国古代社会是一个以小农自然经济为主体的农业社会,“重农轻商”的思想在社会思潮中占主流地位。商业经济的发展在中国古代历史中一直受到限制。中国传统社会极为重视血缘关系,以血缘为纽带的宗族制度是中国古代社会政治制度的重要补充。宗法精神贯穿于中国古代及近代社会结构中,是维系社会结构的纽带,是稳定社会的因素,宗法观念全面地支配着中国古代社会生活的方方面面。中国古代社会等级森严,官府律法“重刑轻民”,讲究维护统治阶级的权威,漠视百姓的个人权利。而作为中国传统社会统治思想的儒家学派思想更是以“礼”作为指导立法和司法的根本原则,维护体现等级制度的“礼治”。这一实质在很大程度上影响了中国古代社会舆论及社会价值理念对追求利益的商业活动的看法。
关键词:中国古代契约制度,宗族制度,传统伦理道德,文化观念
Abstract
Ancient Chinese .51lun is a national culture . Lease system in ancient China in the development of traditional Chinese culture, ideology, and social ethical concepts, socio-economic system, clan system, the feudal hierarchy, and social factors have been imbued ent, affecting the ancient Chinese system of the direction of the lease.
Ancient Chinese society is a natural economic to small farmers as the main agricultural society, the "light to farmers," the idea of the social trends of thought in Zhanzhu Liu status. mercial economic development in China's ancient history has been limited. China attaches great importance to the traditional social blood relationship to blood ties to the clan system in ancient China is an important supplement to social and political system. Patriarchal through the spirit of ancient China and modern social structure, maintaining social structure of the link, the