家用火灾自动拨号报警计.doc

摘要
火灾已成为我国常发性和破坏性以及影响力最强的灾害之一。在工业和民用建筑、科研和商业部门,火灾报警系统已成为必要的装置。传统的火灾检测报警系统在一定程度上存在着某些缺陷:如火灾探测器的灵敏度较低,不能及时有效地检测灾情;在火灾探测报警系统出现故障时缺乏自我诊断和自我恢复的能力;在实时传输火灾通信信号方面也有一些不足等。在对传统火灾监控报警系统研究的基础上,本次设计提出了一种新型实用的家用火灾自动拨号报警系统。本设计采用AVR系列MEGA16单片机为核心控制芯片,以MT8880作为双音多频收发器件扩展系统的自动拨号功能,语音报警部分采用APR9600芯片进行设计。使用烟雾传感器MQ-2、温度传感器DS18B20作为实时检测器件,使系统具有很强的可靠性。
经实验证明:当发生火灾时,该系统能够实时有效地检测周围温度、烟雾浓度等信号的异常情况并在液晶显示器上显示出来,并且能够迅速启动响铃报警同时自动记录火灾发生的时间。当检测到异常信号时,单片机将预先存储的电话号码通过控制拨号芯片和放大电路输送到电话线上完成自动拨号及语音报警功能。
Abstract
In our country, as a disaster, the fire has many characteristics, such as: mediocrity, breakage and influence. In the instruction of industry and civil, the department of scientific research mercial sectors, fire alarm system has e a necessary device. Traditional fire detection alarm system exists certain deficiencies in some extent: such as low sensitivity of fire detectors can not detecte disaster timely and effective; it lacks the capacity of self-diagnosis and self-recovery when the fire detection alarm system failes ; there are some shortages in real-time transferance of fire signals and so on. Based on the traditional fire alarm monitoring system, this paper proposed a new and automatically dial-up fire alarm system. In the system the central control chip is AVR Series MEGA16, MT8880 as a DTMF transceiver device is used to expansed the automatic dialing function of the system. APR9600 is used to design the part of voice alarm . The system has strong reliability because of the smoke sensor MQ-2 and the temperature sensor DS18B20 as the detection devices used in the system. The result through experiments is that when the fire broke out, the system could be effective and real-time in detecting the abnormal signals of temperature and smoke concentration around, then display them on the LCD screen. At the same time ,it could be able to start ringing alarm quickly and record the time about the fire broke out automatically. When the abnormal signals were detected, the system would send the te