英语写作手册.ppt

:asmanyas400,、贴切,对文章是否能收到预期的效果致关重要。在锤炼和选择词语时,除了文章的主题、思想内容、写作目的和读者对象等以外,还必须考虑与之相适应的语言层次(levelsoflanguage)。所谓语言层次,一般可归结为规范英语(standardEnglish)和非规范英语(sub-standardEnglish)。规范英语又可分为口语(spokenlanguage)和书面语(writtenlanguage),非正式语(informallanguage)和正式语(formallanguage)。例如:郁霹吏仿彝唇醚恋拈滑晶教疚滴渠贡区褪姬摸鸿得锭托屯尼雁秧屁气毋误英语写作手册英语写作手册Officialese公文—‘Theconsumptionofanynutrimentswhatsoeveriscategoricallyprohibitedinthisestablishment商业机构.’Official官方—‘Theconsumptionofnutrimentsisprohibited.’Formal—‘Youarerequirednottoconsumefoodinthisestablishment.’Neutral—‘Eatingisnotallowedhere.’Informal—‘Pleasedon’teathere.’Colloquial—‘Youcan’tfeedyourfacehere.’Slang—‘Layoffthenosh小吃.’Taboo—‘Layoffthefuckingnosh.’:’sdenotationiswhatitliterallymeans,asdefinedbythedictionary;,nation,stateandlandhavemoreorlessthesamedenotationandmayallbetranslatedinto“国家”inChinese,,nationemphasizesthepeopleofacountry,anizationofacountry,